Trends and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Associated Factors among Nepalese Adults in Ecological regions of Nepal- A Nationwide Cross - Sectional Survey.

Globally, there is an increase in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome. The rise in prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome suggests burden of Cardiovascular related morbidity and mortality which is also prevalent in Nepal. Metabolic Syndrome confers a 5-fold increase in the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and 2-fold the risk of developing Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) over the next 5 to 10 years. Routine surveillance and registry system in Nepal related to Metabolic Syndrome are bare in Nepal which is imperative to determine the prevalence of MetS and its associated factors. This study used multistage cluster sampling considering the three ecological zones as strata. 259 Primary Sampling Units were selected randomly and a total of 5593 population were surveyed where 5051 population met the criteria for determining the Prevalence of MetS. A STEPwise Surveillance was conducted using WHO Steps survey questionnaire 3.2 version by interview technique, physical and biochemical measurements. The result concluded that there was a decrease in trend of Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome from 14.1% to 6.69%. from 2013 to 2019.The overall Prevalence of MetS was found to be 6.69%, nearly double in women than in men (8.62% and 4.57% respectively). Waist circumference was found to be the most prevalent component of Metabolic Syndrome among women. Age, Sex, Education, Marital status, Wealth quintile and Ecological region were significantly associated with MetS and there was no significant association of MetS with behavioral factors.