Heliyon

Surgical procedure recognition is the process of identifying tasks and gestures done during a surgical process and is a field that has been widely researched due to its use in robot assisted surgeries to improve surgical performances and training. This work investigates the use of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) algorithms, in particular Quantum Support Vector Classifier (QSVC), for the identification of patterns in kinematic data collected from the JIGSAWS dataset which includes 76 kinematic features related to suturing, knot tying and needle passing. In order to evaluate QSVC performance, we compared its performance measures such as accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score with that of a classical Support Vector Classifier (SVC). Quantum kernel-based methods like QSVM embed classical data into high-dimensional Hilbert spaces via quantum feature maps, offering the potential to capture complex data relationships more efficiently. Using ZFeatureMap and quantum circuits implemented in Qiskit, we demonstrate that QSVM shows slight performance advantages over its classical counterpart in specific tasks. These findings lay the groundwork for a context-aware surgical system to support medical practitioners in real time and help advance surgical practice and educational approaches for enhancing patients quality of life.

Male infertility accounts for nearly half of the infertility cases globally. Seminal fluid analysis (SFA) is a critical diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male infertility. This study aimed to assess the implications of seminal fluid analysis on male infertility among patients attending fertility clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria. The study employed mixed-method approach of both qualitative (Key informant interview) among 10 participants and quantitative method (cross-sectional survey) using pre-tested structured questionnaire among 305 respondents. The respondents in the cross-sectional survey were also made to undergo seminal fluid analysis. The data from the qualitative study was analysed using Atlas ti while data from the quantitative study were analysed using IBM Statistical Product for Service Solution (SPSS) version 27. 0. Descriptive statistics was carried out for all variables. The univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis were done using p<0.05 as level of significance. The seminal fluid analysis of the respondents revealed that 241 (79.0%) had Normal sperm count (>32 million per ejaculation) while 64 (21.0%) had abnormal sperm count. Only 101 (33.1%) had normal progressive motility (>32 percent) while 204 (66.9%) had abnormal (Athenospermia) progressive motility. 195 (63.9%) were found to have abnormal morphology (Teratospermia i.e., <4%). The qualitative analysis further analysed the implications of SFA parameters on infertile males and these were substantial, extending beyond physical health to encompass psychological, emotional, and social well-being. The study concluded that lifestyle modifications and early diagnosis as well as prompt treatment of medical conditions can curb high prevalence abnormality of SFA, hence reduce male infertility in our environment. The study recommends that advocacy program, early screening and public health education will further reduce the burden of infertility among the female folks.

This manuscript describes the development of a module that is part of a learning platform named "NIGMS Sandbox for Cloud-based Learning" https://github.com/NIGMS/NIGMS-Sandbox. The overall genesis of the Sandbox is described in the editorial NIGMS Sandbox at the beginning of this Supplement. This module delivers learning materials on machine learning and decision tree concepts in an interactive format that uses appropriate cloud resources for data access and analyses. Machine learning (ML) is an important tool in biomedical research and can lead to improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. During the COVID pandemic ML was used for predictions at the patient and community levels. Given its ubiquity, it is important that future doctors, researchers and teachers get acquainted with ML and its contributions to research. Our goal is to make it easier for everyone to learn about machine learning. The learning module we present here is based on a small COVID dataset, videos, annotated code and the use of Google Colab or the Google Cloud Platform (GCP). The benefit of these platforms is that students do not have to set up a programming environment on their computer which saves time and is also an important democratization factor. The module focuses on learning the basics of decision trees by applying them to COVID data. It introduces basic terminology used in supervised machine learning and its relevance to research. Our experience with biology students at San Francisco State University suggests that the material increases interest in ML.

The control of angiogenic process is of immense importance to the overall health of mankind to avert out-of-control complications such as tumours and cancers. Tapinanthus bangwensis (TBG) is a semi-parasitic plant with multipurpose uses in Nigerian ethno-medicine among which is its anti-infective properties as well as the anti-tumor and restoration of damaged tissues. Despite the wide and varied uses of TBG, the anti-angiogenic investigation of the plant on different host trees is lacking while the documentation and scientific validation of indigenous knowledge on plants use is urgent. The present work focuses on the anti-angiogenic activities of the crude extracts and partitioned fractions of the leaves of Tapinanthus bangwensis (TBG) using the Chick chorio allantoic membrane (CAM) model. The plant was collected from three different host trees namely Albizia lebbeck (AL), Stereospermum kunthianum (SK) and Tabebuia rosea (TR). The methanolic crude extracts and solvent-partitioned fractions of TBG-SK samples were assessed for their anti-angiogenic activities using the chick chorio allantoic membrane (CAM) in ovo and in vitro assay methods respectively. Purification and isolation of major compound(s) in the chloroform fraction of TBG extract obtained from Stereospermum kunthianum host tree (TBG-SK) was carried out using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods (NMR, MS).\n\nThe crude methanolic extract of TBG-SK was most potent (100% activity) in the CAM in ovo assay while the chloroform fraction produced a significantly (p<0.05) highest average reduction in blood vessels with resultant formation of large avascular zones on CAM following an in vitro CAM assay. The anti-angiogenic chloroform fraction revealed the presence of a UV-active triterpenoid moiety. Findings from this work, has provided some justification for the folkloric use of TBG and thus forms a potential basis for drug discovery for wide-ranging disease states.

Compared to other coronaviruses, COVID-19 has a longer incubation period and features asymptomatic infection at a high rate (>25%)1,2. Therefore, early detection of infection is the key to early isolation and treatment. Direct detection of the virus itself has advantages over indirect detection. Currently, the most sensitive and commercially validated method for COVID-19 testing is RT-qPCR, designed to detect amplified virus-specific RNA. Reliable testing has proven to be a bottleneck in early diagnosis of virus infection in all countries dealing with the pandemic. Significant performance and quality issues with available testing kits have caused confusion and serious health risks. In order to provide better understanding of the Quality and performance of COVID-19 RNA detection kits on the market, we designed a system to evaluate the specificity (quantitation), sensitivity (LOD) and robustness of the kits using positive RNA and pseudovirus controls based on COVID-19 genomic sequence3,4. We evaluated 8 Nucleic Acid qPCR Kits approved in China, some of which are also approved in the US and EU. Our study showed that half of these 8 kits lack 1:1 linear relationship for virus RNA copy: qPCR signal. Of the 4 with linear response, 2 demonstrated sensitivity at 1 Copy viral RNA/Reaction, suitable for early detection of virus infection. Furthermore, we established the best RNA extraction, handling and qPCR procedures allowing highly sensitive and consistent performance using BGI qPCR kits. Our study provides an effective method to assess and compare performance quality of all COVID-19 nucleic acid testing kits, globally. Significance StatementTesting for COVID-19 has been a critical topic in the pandemic management since the first outbreak reported in China, and now globally. Despite of focused efforts from global biomedical industries and regulatory authorities, testing tools currently available on the market are not satisfying the huge and most important needs for virus control, which is specific, sensitive, affordable, and commercially viable early diagnosis of infected populations. We have designed an experimental system to assess and compare all nucleic acid-based COVID-19 testing kits from quality control perspectives. The results reported here demonstrate the suitability of using our system as an objective QC system for all commercial kits, including any future kits. We also identified the best testing method using commercially available reagents.

Alzheimers Disease (AD) is the most common type of age related dementia in the world. Many hypotheses shed light on several reasons that lead to AD development. The cholinergic hypothesis describes that the destruction of an essential neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (AChE) by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, leads to the AD onset. The hydrolysis of acetylcholine by excess amount of AChE decreases the amount of acetylcholine in the brain, thus interfering with the normal brain functions. Many anti-AChE agents can be used to treat AD by targeting AChE. In our study, 14 anti-AChE agents from plants: 1,8-cineol, berberine, carvacrol, cheilanthifoline, coptisine, estragole, harmaline, harmine, liriodenine, myrtenal, naringenin, protopine, scoulerine, stylopine were tested against AChE and compared with two controls: donepezil and galantamine, using different techniques of molecular docking. Molecular docking study was conducted for all the 14 selected ligands against AChE to identify the best three ligands among them. To determine the safety and efficacy of the three best ligands, a set of tests like the druglikeness property test, ADME/T test, PASS & P450 site of metabolism prediction, pharmacophore mapping and modelling and DFT calculations were performed. In our experiment, berberine, coptisine and naringenin were determined as the three ligands from the docking study. Further analysis of these 3 ligands showed coptisine as the most potent anti-AChE agent. The molecular dynamics simulation study showed quite good stability of the coptisine-AChE docked complex. Administration of berberine, coptisine and naringenin might be potential treatments for AD.

PCOS is the most common hormonal disorder and cause of infertility in females of reproductive age. The symptoms and their severity vary strongly between particular cases. PCOS is correlated with hormonal, environmental and genetic factors. Complex interactions between genetics and hormonal levels is important to understand the hormonal 31 abnormality and to assess the chance of pregnancy in women with PCOS. The research was conducted on patients in the age of 27+/-5 years treated in the 33 Gynecology and Oncology Clinic of CMUJ. The research group - PCOS patients (P) n=62. The control group - (C) n=45. The venous blood was collected in volume of 2 ml centrifuged for 15 min at 1400 rpm. Serum was aspirated to 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes. The ELISA method was used. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the level of selected factors 38 between the two groups at p <0.01. FSH [IU/ml]: P 5,10 ({+/-}1,64) vs K 8,96 ({+/-}6,15) LH [ IU/ml]: P 8,59 ({+/-}6,79) vs K 11,0 ({+/-}6,15) AMH [ng/ml]: P 4,06 ({+/-}2,43) vs K 1,47 ({+/-}2,14). AMH levels in the PCOS group did not show a significant difference in correlation with age. Obese and overweight women in both 42 groups had significantly different levels of AMH compared with normal-weight women. Furthermore, AMH levels were positively correlated with the age of the first period in the PCOS. The studies indicate a high use of the hormones like FSH and AMH in the diagnosis and assessment of ovarian reserve in women with PCOS.

The definitive aim of this study was to bring to fore the evidence of the importance of tenure considerations in the designing, development, and implementation of climate change programs. This was done by analyzing how land tenure affects the use of adaptation strategies in Malawi. Using secondary data from the Integrated Household Survey (IHS4), a multinomial logit model was fitted to analyze determinants of adoption of climate change adaptation strategies. Land tenure has shown to significantly affect the adoption of the technologies in question. Insecure arrangements such as borrowing and renting land tend to discourage adoption. The proliferation of borrowed or rented in Malawis agricultural sector necessitates intervention to encourage adaptation on those farms to avoid land degradation.

The Regional Student Group of Spain is recognized by the Student Council and the International Society for Computational Biology. The objective of these institutions is to connect and share useful information among all professionals and students working in the field of bioinformatics and computational biology. In this article, we intend to present and publicize RSG-Spain, the Spanish ISCB regional student group, by relating its recent history of a growing community of students and young professionals and how it helps their development in the field. RSG-Spain, since its creation, has been involved in the organization of events with the aim of gathering bioinformaticians in the country and promoting research and collaboration in the field. Here the VIII Student Symposium held online in 2021 is presented, analyzing the output of the event and showing the main challenges found in its organization.

Large language models have propelled recent advances in artificial intelligence technology, facilitating the extraction of medical information from unstructured data such as medical records. Although named entity recognition (NER) is used to extract data from physicians records, it has yet to be widely applied to pharmaceutical care records. In this report, we investigated the feasibility of automatic extraction of patients diseases and symptoms from pharmaceutical care records. The verification was performed using MedNER-J, a Japanese disease-extraction system designed for physicians records. MedNER-J was applied to subjective, objective, assessment, and plan data from the care records of 49 patients who received cefazolin sodium injection at Keio University Hospital between April 2018 and March 2019. The performance of MedNER-J was evaluated in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure. The F-measure of NER for subjective, objective, assessment, and plan data was 0.46, 0.70, 0.76, and 0.35, respectively. In NER and positive-negative classification, the F-measure was 0.28, 0.39, 0.64, and 0.077, respectively. The F-measure of NER for objective and assessment data (F=0.70, 0.76) was higher than that for subjective and plan data, which supported the superiority of NER performance for objective and assessment data. This might be because objective and assessment data contained many technical terms, similar to the training data for MedNER-J. Meanwhile, the F-measure of NER and positive-negative classification was high for assessment data alone (F=0.64), which was attributed to the similarity of its description format and contents to those of the training data. MedNER-J successfully read pharmaceutical care records and showed the best performance for assessment data. However, challenges remain in analyzing records other than assessment data. Therefore, it will be necessary to reinforce the training data for subjective data in order to apply the system to pharmaceutical care records.

To perform a bibliometric visualization in lipidomics-related research with two decades. The primary data was retrieved from the Web of Science, three sotwares (VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R) provided an overview of this field. The countries, institutions, authors, key terms, and keywords were tracked and corresponding mapping was generated. From January 1st in 2001 to March 21th in 2022, 45,325 authors from 234 organizations in 101 countries published 7,338 publications in 382 journals were found. Journal of Lipid Research was the most productive (284 publications) and highly cited journal (18,293 citations). We clustered four keywords themes. The niche theme were shotgun lipidomics, tandem mass-spectrometry, and electrospray-ionization. The motor theme were expression, diseases, and inflammation. The emerging or decling theme were identification, mass-spectrometry, and fatty acids.The basic theme were metabolism, cell, and plasma. Though eight categories the lipid were classified, the keywords showed two of which were got more attention for research, fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids. The top 3 lipidomics-favoured diseases were insulin resistance, obesity, and Alzheimers disease. The top 3 lipidomics-favoured tissue was plasma, brain, and adipose tissue. Burst citations show "women" and "pregnancy" with the strength of 8.91 and 7.1, both topics may be a potential hotspot in the future.

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to examine the factors linked to all-cause mortality and morbidity from neurological and musculoskeletal injuries in motorcycle accidents. MethodsThe study was part of a two-armed, parallel, multi-period, cluster-randomized controlled trial of 1003 motorcycle crash victims. Morbidity was assessed using various scoring systems, and mixed effects regression models were employed for analysis. Results90-day all-cause mortality was 9.2% (82/887). Factors associated with mortality included referral-to-discharge >1 hour [OR 4.215 (1.802-9.858), p=.001), Kampala Trauma Score (KTS) [&le;]6 [OR 7.696 (1.932-30.653), p=.004], GCS 9-12 [OR 3.432 (1.194-9.870), p=.022], GCS [&le;]8 [OR 6.919 (2.212-21.645), p=.001], intra-axial lesions [OR 78.647 (9.871-626.587), p<.001], extra-axial lesions [OR 11.933 (1.386-102.750), p=.024], skull fracture [OR 11.366, (1.197-107.977), p=.034], and decompressive craniotomy (DC) [OR 0.260 (.095-.706), p=.008). A proportion of 14.5% had unfavourable Glasgow Outcome Scale (1-3); associated factors included increasing age [OR 1.02, (1.013-1.045, p<.001], multiple injuries [OR 4.559 (1.185-17.531), p=.027], KTS 7-8 [OR 2.755 (1.285-5.906), p=.009], KTS [&le;]6 [OR 7.551 (2.815-20.255), p=.001], GCS 9-12 [OR 4.07 (1.901-8.719), p=.001], GCS [&le;]8 [OR 13.779 (5.643-33.645), p<.001], and DC [OR 0.149 (.075-.295), p<.001]. Factors associated with unfavourable patient-reported musculoskeletal outcomes included being married [OR 1.984 (1.322-2.976), p=.001], multiple injuries [OR 1.762, (1.001-3.100), p=.049], and enrolment after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic [OR 2.095 (1.199-3.659), p=.009]. ConclusionsThe key determinants of mortality and adverse neurological and musculoskeletal injury outcomes observed in this study are essential for establishing core outcome sets in future research and predictive models. Summary of the Key MessagesO_LIExisting Knowledge: Motorcycle crashes in low- and middle-income countries represent significant public health issues, exacerbated by low helmet usage and insufficient trauma care resources. C_LIO_LIStudy Contributions: This MOTOR trial ancillary study investigated factors associated with all-cause mortality and morbidity from motorcycle crashes, emphasizing neurological and musculoskeletal injuries as critical targets for enhancing rural trauma care systems. C_LIO_LIImplications for Research, Practice, and Policy: Our findings indicate that the anatomical nature, multiplicity and severity of injuries, referral-dispatch intervals, operative interventions, and COVID-19-related social conditions significantly influence injury outcomes. These factors may serve as a foundational outcome set for benchmarking future clinical trials and trauma registries. C_LI

Early achievement of deep remission improves patients outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, highlighting the need for predictive indicators before therapy initiation. This study aimed to develop a tool to predict CML treatment responses to guide optimal therapy selection. Using hierarchical clustering of complete blood count (CBC) data at diagnosis, patients were stratified into two clusters. Patients in Cluster 1 had higher BCR::ABL1IS mRNA levels at 3 and 6 months post-treatment and lower rates of major molecular response compared to cluster 2. Cluster 1 also showed increased granulocyte and immature white blood cell counts and decreased erythroid parameters. Flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow mononuclear cells revealed that cluster 1 had a significant increase in hematopoietic stem cell fractions and a higher ratio of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors to megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors compared to cluster 2. These findings suggest that differences in bone marrow progenitor cell differentiation affect peripheral blood profiles. Artificial intelligence-driven ghost cytometry (GC) was evaluated for its ability to comprehensively capture these changes and successfully distinguished patients with poorer treatment responses, with GC scores at diagnosis strongly correlating with BCR::ABL1IS mRNA levels at 3 and 6 months post-treatment initiation. The study indicates that multivariate analysis of CBC or GC analysis may enable simple, early prediction of CML treatment efficacy, potentially contributing to effective and individualized CML therapy.

The approach I described is straightforward, related to COVID-19 SARS based tweets and the symptoms, that people tweet about. Also, social media mining for health application reports was shared in many different tasks of 2021. The motto at the back of this observe is to analyses tweets of COVID-19 based symptoms. By performing BERT model and text classification with XLNET with which uses to classify text and purpose of the texts (i.e.) tweets. So that I can get a deep understanding of the texts. When developing the system, I used two models the XLNet and DistilBERT for the text sorting task, but the outcome was XLNET out-performs the given approach to the best accuracy achieved. Now I discover a whole lot vital for as it should be categorizing tweets as encompassing self-said COVID-19 indications. Whether or not a tweets associated with COVID-19 is a non-public report or an information point out to the virus. Which gives test accuracy to an F1 score of 96%.

A cervical spinal cord injury is a tragic occurrence for the sufferer and their loved ones. Because so many resources are needed to manage the patient during both the acute and rehabilitative stages, it has a significant impact on society and it is mainly related to cervical spine fractures and the most frequent kind of spinal fractures are those to the cervical spine. Automobile accidents, followed by diving into shallow water, firearm injuries, and sports activities are common causes of cervical spine injury. In developing countries like Ethiopia, little is known about the prevalence of cervical spinal injuries. An understanding of the prevalence of spinal injury is fundamental to developing possible preventive strategies and improving our primary trauma care. Assessing the pattern, outcome, and associated factors of patients with cervical spine injury who have visited AaBET Hospital from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2023 is the primary objective of this study. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at AaBET Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study included patients who presented to the emergency department with a diagnosis of cervical spine injury from January 1, 2018, to November 30, 2023. Descriptive analysis was used for statistical analysis of baseline data, and regression analysis was used to determine associations between dependent and independent variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total data of 149 patients were analyzed, with an average age of 36.3 {+/-} 14.9 years (ranges 9-85 years) and the male-to-female ratio was 2.9:1. Road traffic accident occurs in 49.7% of patients as a mechanism of injury followed by falling down accident (39.6%) of patients. Seventy-eight (52.3%) patients sustained with a total of 114 associated injuries (ASOI). Head injury was the commonly associated injury followed by chest and extremity injury. The most frequently injured cervical vertebra was C7 followed by C6 and T1. 68.5% of the patients have multilevel injuries. 33.6% of patients have neurological impairment ASIA class A followed by ASIA class E (29.5%). The overall hospital mortality is 7.4%. The level of cervical spine injury, the ASIA class of the patient, and the presence of associated injury were strongly associated with mortality. The mean {+/-} SD length of hospital stay was 13.6 {+/-} 16.4 days. And 30.2% of patients have prolonged lengths of hospital stay (PLOS). Neurosurgical intervention and the presence of associated injury have been significantly associated with PLOS. This study showed the common mechanism was RTA and C7 was the common injury level. C3 injury level, ASIA A neurologic deficit, and having associated injury were associated with mortality. Undergoing neurosurgical intervention and the presence of associated injury were associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (PLOS).

Special attention needs to be given to under-five children who have specific needs due to their lower ability to prepare for disasters. Simple, ready-to-eat, and tasty food that meets the micronutrient needs of the groups is needed. The study aimed to assess the effect of the food bar made from api-api mangrove (Avicennia marina) and sword bean (Canavalia ensiformis) blends on the weight and Weight-for-Age Z (WAZ) score after landslide disaster. A non randomized pre-post intervention study was performed on 34 under-five children affected by landslide disaster during 15 days. Subjects were divided into intervention (api-api mangrove-sword bean food bars) and control groups (sword bean food bars). Both groups received the food bars for 15 days. Education on balanced nutrition for under-five children was provided to all subjects mothers in the study. The study revealed that most mothers of under-five children liked mangrove-sword bean food bar from the aroma, taste, texture, and color in the hedonic test. The intervention group experienced weight gain (0.32 kg) and WAZ score (0.73) were greater compared with the control group. There were significant difference in weight and WAZ score changes of the under-five children accompanied by a significant increases in mothers knowledge on the balanced nutrition for under-five children and food bar total consumption. No significant differences of macronutrient consumption, except fat intake between pre-post study were found. Api-api mangrove-sword bean food bar can be an emergency food alternative for disaster vulnerable group communities affected by natural disasters. Future studies may wish to consider examining the issue using pregnant women as the research subjects.

BackgroundBreast conserving surgery (BCS) has been established as a safe and effective alternative way of total (modified radical) mastectomy for achieving loco regional control of female invasive breast cancer. There are still obstacles on generalizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a primary treatment of breast cancer even on early tumors, including large presenting tumors size relative to breast size especially on small breast sizes. Introducing preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy (NACT) has been argued to increase rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy because of decreasing the overall tumors size. Aim of this studyThe aim of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on rates of breast conserving surgery on different molecular subgroups of breast cancer. Patients and methodsRecord of total of 44 patients with pathologically proven invasive breast cancer, who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in this study. Eligibility of patients for breast conserving surgery before and after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy was measured in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. ResultsNeoadjuvant chemotherapy increased eligibility for breast conserving surgery from 29% pre neoadjuvant chemotherapy to 77% post neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Highest rates of eligibility to neoadjuvant chemotherapy post neoadjuvant chemotherapy were achieved in HER-2 positive and Luminal A patients. Downstaging of the whole TNM disease stage decreased secondary to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 89% of total study population. Luminal B patients showed the highest rates of downstaging. The average decrease in tumor size was 65.8% in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. HER-2 positive and triple negative patients showed the highest complete pathological response rates at 60.0% and 54.5% (p = 0.008). ConclusionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy increased the rate of breast conserving surgery with variation in response depending on the molecular subtype of the tumor. Her2+ tumors were the most sensitive subtypes to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the highest breast conserving surgery eligibility following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Alternative indexes (altmetrics), such as the number of social media posts or news mentions, assess the relevance of a publication beyond academia. At the same time, composite metrics, like Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), gather these indicators to provide an overall measure of the online attention of an article. Communication departments at research institutions aim to help publications reach the general public and, therefore, play a key role in improving the altmetrics performance of scientific articles. However, the most effective strategies to achieve this remain unclear. No standardized protocols exist to guide communication professionals in maximizing the impact of their outreach efforts. Thus, in the present research, carried out by the communication department of a neuroscience research center, we conducted three complementary analyses to help to fill this gap. First, a study involving more than 3,000 neuroscience publications from 8 similar research centers revealed correlations between altmetrics and citations. Second, a retrospective analysis of 201 in-house articles found that active communication campaigns were associated with better altmetric performance, with notable differences between publications that included a press release (PR) and those that did not. Finally, a prospective experiment involving 25 articles examined changes in altmetrics before and after the dissemination of a PR or posting on X. Results showed that PRs significantly increased the number of news mentions and X posts, leading to an average rise of approximately 70 points in the AAS. These findings highlight the importance of PRs in maximizing the societal visibility and impact of scientific publications.

IntroductionThe prevention from Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is therefore of major public health interest and one of the concerns of any emergency physician. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an herbal supplement to prevent the occurrence of PTSD in high-risk patients. MethodsIt is a randomized, double-blind, prospective, interventional study including patients exposed to a potentially traumatic event that meets DSM-V Criterion A and has a Peri-traumatic Distress Inventory score or the Questionnary for traumatic dissociation experiments (PDEQ) and/or L.Crocq score higher than the thresholds between day 1 and day 3. Two hundred patients were included randomly assigned into two groups: Aleozen group and placebo group. Patients included in aleozen group received Aleozen(R) for 10 days while patients in placebo group received Placebo. A CAPS-5 assessment was performed for all patients at different moments. The main objective was to assess the efficacy of Aleozen(R) after 90 days of an exposition to traumatic events according to PTSD. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the safety of Aleozen(R) at 10 and 30 days after its administration and PTSD in the study population after one year of inclusion. ResultsNo statistical differences were noted between the two groups in term of baseline characteristics including age, sex and the ISS score. After 90 days of follow-up, and according to the CAPS-5 scale, 85 patients (42.5%) of the population study showed PTSD. Concerning primary endpoint, less PTSD were seen in intervention group compared to placebo group (38.8% versus 61.2% respectively; p<0.001). During the study, no adverse events were noted. ConclusionResults of this work suggest the potential preventive effects of an herbal supplement on PTSD for traumatic patient in emergency. Further confirmatory studies are needed. Funding sourcesThis research is supported by << Aleonat >> Laboratories, who provided only the protocol treatments (active and placebo), without other financial support of the study. The sponsor and funder have no role in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication, including whether they will have ultimate authority over any of these activities. Ethical approvalThe study was approved by the local ethics committee (The Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Sousse) Ethical reviewA written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Human and animal rights statementAll procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between behavioral characteristics, academic performance, and school enrichment of Ambo University non-boarding special secondary school students. To this end, correlational research was employed. Latest version of scale for rating behavioral characteristics of superior students and Purdue academic rating scale were used to generate data. 100 Ambo University Non-boarding Special Secondary School students (Male = 56, Female = 44) were selected through simple random sampling from grade 9-11. Students academic performances and behavioral characteristics were rated by subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and principals. Results of rating students academic performances revealed that students were at excellent levels in academic performance in English, mathematics, and science whereas at strong average in social studies. Results of correlation analysis showed that there was positive and significant relationship between Mathematics and English language academic performances (r = 0.332, r 2 = 0.11%, p < 0.01, df = n - 2 = 98). Mathematics performance was leading academic performance and in no subject Ambo University Non-boarding Special Secondary School students fell under average performance. 1% of students were self-nominated as gifted. Enrichment services such as health care, science technology engineering and mathematics, and instructional technologies are under satisfactory levels that need attention. Teachers and students should give emphasis to social studies as equal as other subjects.