The occurrence and persistence of Imposter Phenomenon in clinicians and medical students in Wales.

Purpose of the articleImposter phenomenon (IP) is characterised by persistent feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt. IP among medical students and clinicians has been linked to poor mental health effects, with implications for patient care. Materials and methodsThe present study surveyed incidence of IP in medical students and clinicians in Wales. An online 81-item survey was developed, consisting of validated inventories that measured IP, burnout, perfectionism, and wellbeing, and bespoke questions. Quantitative data was analysed using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearsons correlation coefficient; qualitative data was analysed thematically. ResultsTwo hundred and fifteen participants completed the survey. Approximately 75% of participants reported frequent to intense levels of IP. Mean IP scores did not differ significantly between medical students and clinicians, or between career stage. Women reported higher levels of IP than men. IP was positively correlated with perfectionism and burnout, and negatively correlated with wellbeing, which increased with career level. Qualitative data revealed participant difficulties with comparisons to others and doubts about competence. ConclusionsIP is highly prevalent among medical students and clinicians in Wales, and does not alleviate with clinical experience. These results highlight the importance of understanding the complex relationship between IP, burnout, perfectionism, and wellbeing.