Heritability of Alzheimer-related plasma biomarkers in the Amish population
Wang, P.; Song, Y. E.; Lynn, A.; Miskimen, K.; Gulyayev, A.; Prough, M. B.; Dorfsman, D. A.; Laux, R. A.; Fuzzell, S. L.; Hochstetler, S. D.; Zaman, A. F.; Adams, L. D.; Caywood, L. J.; Clouse, J. E.; Herington, S. D.; Whitehead, P. G.; Liu, Y.; Moore, N.; Ogrocki, P.; Lerner, A. J.; Griswold, A. J.; Vance, J. M.; Cuccaro, M. L.; Scott, W. K.; Pericak-Vance, M. A.; Haines, J. L.
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Structured AbstractO_ST_ABSINTRODUCTIONC_ST_ABSPlasma biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) hold promise for disease diagnosis and prediction, yet their genetic underpinnings remain underexplored. METHODSWe measured plasma amyloid beta 40 (A{beta}40), A{beta}42, A{beta}42/A{beta}40, total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), A{beta}42/t-tau, A{beta}42/p-tau181, neurofilament light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the Midwestern Amish. Pedigree-based heritability [Formula] was estimated from multigenerational pedigrees, and SNP-based heritability [Formula] was derived from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTSAmong all Amish individuals, additive genetic effects [Formula] explained 11.1% to 36.6% of biomarker variances. [Formula] estimates were consistently lower, ranging from 6.7% to 28.7%. The heritability of these biomarkers in subgroups of cognitively normal individuals and APOE {varepsilon}4 non-carriers yielded similar results. DISCUSSIONPlasma biomarkers such as amyloid {beta}, t-tau, and p-tau181 are moderately heritable in the Amish, underscoring the impact of genetic determinants of plasma biomarkers associated with AD.
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