Neurocognitive Functioning is Impaired in Perinatally HIV-Infected Youth
Welikson, T.; Sarma, M. K.; Keller, M.; Sayre, J.; Walot, I.; Michalik, D. E.; Hayes, J.; Nielsen-Saines, K.; Deville, J.; Kovacs, A.; Operskalski, E.; Church, J. A.; Thomas, M. A.; Ventura, J.
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BackgroundThe present study examined neurocognitive differences between Perinatally HIV (PHIV)-infected-youth and age and gender matched healthy controls. Despite early, long-term anti-viral treatment (ART), significant neurocognitive deficiencies remain for PHIV-infected-youth reaching adulthood compared to controls. MethodsParticipants were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. An Overall Neurocognitive Composite Score and a Global Deficit Score (GDS) were created. Sleep, depression, and developmental level of intellectual functioning were also examined. ResultsPHIV-youth performed more poorly than controls in all neurocognitive domains. Very large effect sizes were observed for the Overall Neurocognitive Composite Score and GDS. PHIV-infected-youth appear to be significantly more depressed compared to controls, but there were no differences in amount or type of sleep observed. ConclusionDespite early, long-term anti-viral treatment (ART), neurocognitive deficiencies remain for PHIV-infected-young-adults. The verbal learning domain was significantly impaired with implications for functioning. The PHIV-infected-youth were also depressed and not receiving treatment for depression.
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