Analysis of Differentially expressed genes and Molecular pathways in Peanut Allergy Induced Dynamic Changes involved in Peanut-Specific Immune Responses: A Systematic and Bioinformatics Approach

Peanut allergy poses a significant global health concern, triggering hypersensitivity reactions upon exposure to peanuts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing peanut-specific immune responses is imperative for developing effective therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and associated molecular pathways implicated in peanut allergy-induced immune responses. Employing a systematic and bioinformatics-driven approach, we analyzed gene expression profiles from peanut-allergic individuals and healthy controls using RNAseq Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) data. Enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed their involvement in various inflammatory conditions, including autoinflammatory, allergic, and respiratory disorders. Additionally, pathway enrichment analysis highlighted perturbed molecular pathways such as Asthma, IL-17 signaling pathway, and Inflammatory bowel diseases, underscoring their role in modulating peanut-specific immune responses. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified central regulatory hubs, elucidating the intricate molecular interplay underlying the immune response to peanut allergens. Overall, our findings offer comprehensive insights into the molecular landscape of peanut allergy, delineating key DEGs and pathways associated with peanut-specific immune responses. This systematic and bioinformatics-driven approach enhances our understanding of allergic reactions to peanuts, providing potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions and diagnostic biomarkers for peanut allergy management.