Hemoglobin specific volume width promotes the prevalence and poor long-term prognosis of American adult hypertensive patients: the NHANES 1999-2020.

BackgroundHypertensive patients are always accompanied by erythrocyte dysfunction. However, current erythrocyte-related indicators cant explain hypertensions prevalence and long-term prognosis. Therefore, hemoglobin specific volume width (HSW) was first created to explain this phenomenon. Methods59,867 adult participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NMAHES) were included. HSWs quartiles were determined with Q1 [1.88,3.64] cL/g, Q2 (3.64,3.84] cL/g, Q3 (3.84,4.11] cL/g, and Q4 (4.11,11.74] cL/g. 21,006 hypertensive patients had a whole following time 97 (51, 151) months, 15,519 hypertensive patients were alive, and 5,487 were dead. The relationship between HSW and hypertension was analyzed. ResultsAmong Controls n=35,677 and Hypertensive patients n=24,190, the percentages of hypertension in quartiles of HSW (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) were 28.59%, 33.35%, 39.37%, and 47.74%. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) in HSW was still significant, 1.23 (95% CI 1.11,1.36). Among dead (n=5,487) and alive hypertensive patients (n=15,519), the percentages of hypertensive mortality in quartiles of HSW were 17.66%, 20.46%, 20.78%, and 25.02%. The adjusted HSW hazard ratio (HR) was 1.91(95%CI 1.69,2.16). Processing Q1 as reference, the HR for Q4 was 2.35 (95% CI 2.06, 2.69). Males had a higher risk (HR: 1.53 95% CI 1.24,1.89) of poor prognosis than females (HR: 1.48 95% CI 1.17,1.87). Individuals <=60 years old (HR: 2.25 95% CI 1.78,2.85) had a higher risk of poor prognosis than those >60. Hypertensive patients with HSW > 3.89 cL/g had a poor prognosis than HSW <= 3.89 cL/g. ConclusionsHSW is an innovative independent risk factor for hypertensive prevalence and long-term prognosis.