Predictors of mortality, ICU admission and intubation among hospitalized COVD-19 patients in Jordan.

IntroductionSeveral studies characterized COVID-19 patients and revealed the factors associated with COVID-19 mortality and severity. However, few studies were conducted in the Middle East, hence we decided to conduct this study to characterize COVID-19 patients, identify the factors associated with COVID-19 mortality and severity and to compare the patients outcomes in the two waves of the pandemic. MethodWe conducted a retrospective single center cohort study among COVID-19 patients admitted to our hospital. The primary outcomes were COVID-19 related death, ICU admission and invasive intubation. Whereas, the secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay. In addition, the patients were divided into two cohorts to represent the two waves of the pandemic, to compare between them based on the outcomes. ResultsThe total number of COVID-19 patients included in our study was 745. The overall rates of COVID-19 related mortality, ICU admission and invasive intubation were 23.0%, 28.3% and 10.8%, respectively. CKD, troponin, LDH and O2 saturation <90% were significant predictors for mortality. Moreover, the significant predictors for ICU admission were HF and remdesivir use. Whereas, O2 saturation<90% and GI symptoms were the only significant predictors for invasive intubation. Additionally, the second wave had significantly higher rates of ICU admission compared to the first one. ConclusionOur study showed that several factors predicted COVID-19 mortality, ICU admission and invasive intubation. Additionally, our study revealed that the second wave of the pandemic had significantly higher rates of ICU admission but not mortality or invasive intubation compared to the first wave.