Vaccines

ObjectiveTo compare the reactogenicity and immunogenicity between the two-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccine regimen and one or two doses of inactivated vaccine followed by an mRNA vaccine regimen in healthy children between 5-11 years of age. MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in Thailand between March to June 2022. Healthy children between 5-11 years of age were enrolled and received the two-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) regimen or the inac...

How do citizens choose COVID-19 vaccines, and when do they wish to be vaccinated? A choice-based conjoint experiment was fielded in Hong Kong to examine factors that shape citizens preference toward COVID-19 vaccines and their time preference to be vaccinated, which is overlooked in extant literature. Results suggest people are most concerned about vaccines efficacy and severe side-effects, and that cash incentives are not useful in enhancing vaccine appeal. The majority of respondents show low ...

Although various COVID-19 vaccines have shown efficacy against placebo in randomized clinical trials, no head-to-head comparisons are yet available. This study aims to compare the efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine trials searched in May 2021 were included. Data were extracted from Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves using the WebPlotDigitizer program for the individual participant (IP) data simulation. A mixed-effect acceleration failure model with log-logistic and Weibull distributions was ...

The rapid development of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proved to make an important contribution in reducing both viral transmission and disease burden. In this study, we tracked the COVID-19 vaccine equity, distribution, and cases in global south countries using country-level data from Our World in Data using an event study analysis. We used data from 149 global south and 59 non-global south countries from January 2020 to May 2022. All non-glob...

We aimed to summarize reliable medical evidence by the meta-analysis of all published clinical trials that investigated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of vaccine candidates against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and medRxiv databases were used to select the studies. 7094 articles were identified initially and 43 were retrieved for more detailed evaluation. 5 randomize...

There are majorly two variants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that were employed worldwide on emergency basis to contain the COVID-19 pandemic i.e., RNA based or adenovirus construct based Spike protein expression system which was broadly used and the inactivated virus particle composition. Due to emergency usage starting from the onset of 2021, the immunogenicity data pertaining to long term effects of these vaccines is unexplored. Therefore, in this study we assessed the immunogenicity analysis of Cova...

IntroductionVaccination shows effectiveness at personal and community levels. To manage vaccine demand and supply, effectively promote vaccination, and plan future vaccination strategies, it is crucial to understand the change in the populations willingness over time. Extreme changes in vaccination willingness can affect vaccine oversupply and shortage. Few longitudinal studies have focused on vaccination willingness after the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we sought to explore temporal changes i...

ObjectiveTo determine the attributes of COVID-19 vaccines that influence vaccine acceptance using a DCE through a systematic review. MethodsA systematic search was carried out for articles published up to November 2021 in the PubMed, Psycinfo, Embase, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus databases. The electronic search algorithm consisted of the terms (Covid-19) AND (Vaccine) AND (discrete choice experiment). FindingsA total of 39 records were retrieved of which 18 duplicates were identif...

IntroductionIsrael led a rapid vaccine rollout against COVID-19, leading to a local remission of the epidemic and rolling back of most public health measures. Further vaccination of 12-15-year-olds may be hindered by public perceptions of the necessity and safety of vaccination. Methodswe examined the considerations of vaccine hesitant parents (VHPs) regarding vaccination of children against COVID-19. The responses of 456 parents were surveyed and analyzed before FDA authorization of vaccinatio...

IntroductionVaccination programs are important to preventing COVID-19 infection. BNT162b2 is new type of vaccine, and previous studies have shown that the antibody response was significantly elevated in patients with prior COVID-19 infection after the first vaccination. However, no study has evaluated the efficacy of the vaccination or the adverse reactions of people with prior COVID-19 infection in Japan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibody titer and adverse reactions of BNT162b2 ...

It is crucial to know whether a single dose of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 is sufficient to elicit immune response in previously infected people in India. A total of 121 participants (baseline seropositive 46 and seronegative 75) were included to study the immune response to ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield) vaccine in previously infected or uninfected people. IgG antibodies were estimated at three different time intervals, i.e. pre-vaccination, 25-35 days post 1st vaccination and 25-35 days post 2nd vac...

The SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) has become a game-changer in the COVID-19 crisis. Faster and wider coverage of vaccine supply is urgently needed, although vaccine supply is far from abundant in many countries and regions. There is no denying that Japan is vaccinating at a slower pace than in many other countries. At the end of April 2021, it had administered less than 2% of the population, according to the statistics website Our World in Data.1 Single-dose vaccination may ...

Four principal types of authorised COVID-19 vaccines include inactivated whole-virus vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, viral-vector vaccines and nucleic acid (mRNA and DNA) vaccines. Despite numerous Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs), comprehensive systematic review and comparative meta-analysis have not been performed to validate the immunogenicity, safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the healthy adult population. We aim to fulfil this unmet void. We searched for peer-reviewed artic...

BackgroundThe presented meta-analysis was developed in response to the publication of several studies addressing COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy. We aimed to identify the proportion of vaccine acceptance and rejection, and factors affecting vaccine hesitancy worldwide especially with the fast emergency approval of vaccines. MethodsOnline database search was performed, and relevant studies were included with no language restriction. A meta-analysis was conducted using R software to obtain the random...

The global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of widespread vaccination to mitigate the impact of the virus on public health. The current study aimed to investigate which social influences might be most important for predicting attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine uptake among young students in the UK. We focused on the cultural evolution and social transmission aspects, i.e., parent-to-child versus peer-to-peer, of attitudes and vaccine upt...

The availability of safe and effective vaccine alone does not save lives; it is the inoculation plus other public health measures that do. Recent reports suggest the growing trend in vaccine preferential bias in parts of the world but not much in Europe. The present paper aims to investigate the occurrence of COVID-19 vaccine preferential bias in Europe for effective vaccination planning and pandemic control. MethodData on vaccine delivered and vaccination campaigns of the EU member states was ...

IntroductionIn August 2021, Thailand imported the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The prioritised group to receive the BNT162b2 vaccine were health professionals. The BNT162b2 vaccine scheduled for healthcare workers were two-dose regimen administered three weeks apart, the third dose booster in two-dose inactivated CoronaVac vaccine recipients or as a second dose in health professionals who had received the CoronaVac or adenoviral-vectored (ChAdOx1-S) vaccine as the first dose regardless of the...

ObjectiveTo report the safety and immunogenicity profile of a protein subunit vaccine (Covovax) given as a third (booster) dose to individuals primed with different primary vaccine regimens. MethodsIndividuals primed with two doses of COVID-19 vaccines for at least 3 months were enrolled and assigned to five groups according to their primary vaccine regimens: CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac/AZD1222. Immunogenicity analysis was performed to determine binding antibodies, n...

BackgroundBreakthrough events are not rare after emerging of Delta variant. On the other hand, long COVID is an unsolved issue where sufferers suffer a lot. Some study has shown that COVID-19 vaccine has improved some clinical and libratory parameters in long COVID. But what will be the possible measures against long COVID after the breakthrough event is still a burning question. MethodWe have observed the third dose by BNT162b2 in a small group(n=20) who were diagnosed as long COVID after brea...

To mitigate the unprecedented health, social, and economic damage of COVID-19, the Philippines implemented a nation-wide vaccine program to mitigate the effects of the global pandemic. In a previous study, we interrogated COVID-19 vaccine intent in the country by deploying a nationwide open-access online survey, two months before the initial rollout of the national vaccination program that began in March of 2021. In this follow-up study, we explored the influence of the ongoing vaccine rollout o...