Does Obstructive sleep apnea increase the risk of Parkinson Disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ObjectivesThe evidence of whether the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) could increase the risk of Parkinson disease (PD) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted in hopes of providing evidence of associations between the OSA and the risk of PD incidence. MethodsRelevant studies published until 7 September, 2020 were retrieved from 6 databases. 6 studies were finally included based on our selection criteria. Hazard Ratios (HRs) and their 95%CI of each study were collected to evaluate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson disease risk. Subgroup analysis was performed based on gender and sample size. ResultsWe find a positive association between obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson disease risk (HR=1.64, 95%CI:1.56-1.73, I2=23.8%). OSA patients have a higher risk of Parkinson disease than subjects without OSA, especially in male patients (HR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.30-1.87, I2=0.0%). Based on results of sensitivity analysis, our study results were quite stable. ConclusionsOur results provided evidence of a modest positive association between obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson disease. It is a certain degree of significance to improve our understanding of obstructive sleep apnea and take measures to prevent and treat it. Moreover, additional studies are recommended to explore this topic in more detail. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020207528).