Back

Perceived Hearing Symptoms Organize the Ear-Disease Comorbidity Network but Are Not a Causal Lever for Brain Health: A Triangulated Analysis

Chen, M.; Huang, Y.; Yu, R.; Xie, Y.; Chen, F.; Huang, J.; Zhao, J.; Ma, Z.; Ma, Z.; Jiang, L.

2026-08-14 otolaryngology
10.64898/2026.08.13.26360183 medRxiv
Show abstract

Background: Hearing loss is a potentially modifiable risk factor for brain health, but whether it acts as a causal lever remains unclear. Methods: We constructed an ear-disease comorbidity network from NHANES 2011-2020 (N=18,939, 16 nodes, 62 edges), performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) across 24 exposure-outcome pairs, and triangulated evidence with longitudinal data from CHARLS (N=17,101). Results: Subjective hearing symptoms (prevalence 6.1%) occupied hub positions in the comorbidity network, whereas objective hearing impairment (8.0%) was sparsely connected. All forward MR estimates were null after multiple-testing correction (IVW P>.05 for 9 of 9 pairs). Reverse MR showed one nominally significant association (cognition to objective hearing beta=-0.15, P=.013) that did not survive correction. Longitudinal analysis yielded HR=1.57 (P=.00004) for subjective hearing symptoms predicting incident depression. Conclusions: Perceived hearing symptoms organize the ear-disease comorbidity network but are not a causal lever for brain health. These findings support a "flag, not lever" framework: subjective hearing symptoms warrant clinical attention as markers of systemic multimorbidity rather than intervention targets for dementia prevention.

Matching journals

The top 5 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.