Prevalence and Determinants of Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Field Health Workers in Bin Qasim Town, Karachi

BackgroundWork-related musculoskeletal symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and swelling are a common occupational health issue that affect well-being and increase healthcare costs. Continuous physical effort, long hours of sitting, and poor awareness of proper ergonomics often lead to or worsen these conditions. ObjectiveThis study determined the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms and the associated risk factors with musculoskeletal symptoms among field health workers in Bin Qasim Town, Karachi. Material & MethodsA cross-sectional study was employed and collected data from Karachi based pre-urban communities i.e.: Ibrahim Hydri, Rehri Goth and Bhains Colony. Study duration was 9 months. MSK symptoms were assessed using the standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Prevalence of MSK symptoms was assessed over 12 months and 7 days. Participants with pain in [≥]2 regions of the upper or lower limbs were classified as having upper or lower limb symptoms, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors for MSK symptoms in last 12 months. Results132 participants were recruited. Most frequently reported pain region in the last 12 months was lower back 111(84%) and shoulder 81(61%). Similarly, the most affected region in the last 7 days was also lower back 39(29%) followed by shoulder 33(25%). Upper limb MSK symptoms were significantly associated with bachelors or higher educated (OR=3.38; 95% CI: 0.67-7.42), sitting 3-4 h/day (OR=3.46; 95% CI: 1.11-10.75), and walking 3-4 h/day (OR=2.88; 95% CI: 1.05-7.85). In lower limb, married workers had 2 times higher odds of lower limb MSK symptoms (OR=2.36; 95% CI:1.04 - 5.35), while those who worked > 30 hours/week had 67% lower odds of having lower limb MSK symptoms (OR=0.33, 95% CI:0.15 - 0.72). ConclusionField health workers frequently reported MSK symptoms in both limbs. Preventive strategies such as ergonomic training, task rotation, and targeted support for married female workers are recommended to reduce the long-term impact.