Multiple pathways to metabolic syndrome identified by hierarchical clustering of Japanese longitudinal health checkup data
Shimmura, S.; Oku, M.; Nagata, Y.; Yamagami, T.; Fujisaka, S.; Wada, T.; Sasaoka, T.; Onogi, Y.; Honoki, H.; Kado, T.; Nishimura, A.; Bilal, M.; Sekine, M.; Tobe, K.
Show abstract
To identify pre-onset pathways of metabolic syndrome (MetS), we retrospectively analyzed Japanese health checkup data from 296 male MetS cases and 296 non-MetS controls matched by initial status (aged 49-64 years). Hierarchical clustering was applied to four MetS components--abdominal obesity (OB), hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DLP), and hyperglycemia (HG)--using longitudinal status from the 3 years (years -3 to -1) before onset (year 0). Six clusters were identified, showing shifts from early (year -3 to -1) to late (year -1 to 0) patterns. Cluster 1 (n = 97, 32.8%): early OB and HT; followed by DLP. Cluster 2 (n = 36, 12.2%): early OB and DLP; followed by HT. Cluster 3 (n = 48, 16.2%): early OB; followed by HT and HG. Cluster 4 (n = 44, 14.9%): early HT and DLP; followed by OB. Cluster 5 (n = 46, 15.5%): early HT; followed by OB, DLP, and HG. Cluster 6 (n = 25, 8.4%): early HT, DLP, and HG; followed by OB. Controls showed no clear changes. The waist circumference and triglyceride-glucose related indices were significantly higher at year 0 in the MetS group. These findings provide insight into the heterogeneous pathways leading to MetS. This clustering approach offers a flexible framework for capturing population-specific patterns in MetS development and may allow more targeted early intervention strategies.
Matching journals
The top 9 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.
Similar papers in this journal
- Association of METS-IR Index with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data from 2009 to 2018 95%
- The Gene Knockout of Angiotensin II Type 1a Receptor Improves High-fat Diet-Induced Obesity in rat via Promoting Adipose Lipolysis 94%
- Metabolic differences and differentially expressed genes between C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mice substrains 94%
Similar papers in this journal
- Environment-wide association study (EWAS) on cardiometabolic traits: A systematic assessment of the association of lifestyle variables on a longitudinal setting 94%
- Gene and metabolite expression dependence on body mass index in human myocardium 93%
- Identification of metabolomics biomarkers for type 2 diabetes: triangulating evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomization analyses 93%
Similar papers in this journal
- Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics with machine learning for predicting progression from prediabetes to diabetes 93%
- Lifestyles and their relative contribution to biological aging across multiple organ systems: change analysis from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study 93%
- The protective roles of Eugenol on type 1 diabetes mellitus through NRF2 mediated oxidative stress pathway 92%
Similar papers in this journal
- Waist circumference thresholds predicting incident dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes in Black African men and women 93%
- Proteomic associations with fluctuation and long-term changes in BMI: A 40-year follow-up study 93%
- Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction precedes cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: 11-year follow-up of the ADDITION-PRO study 92%
Similar papers in this journal
- Circulating Metabolites May Illustrate Relationship of Alcohol Consumption with Cardiovascular Disease 93%
- Association of heavy menstrual bleeding with cardiovascular diseases in US female hospitalizations 92%
- Helicobacter pylori seropositivity associates with hyperglycemia, but not obesity in Danish children and adolescents 91%
"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.