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Pre-movement neural population activity in human motor cortex reflects the subsequent outcome of futsal free kicks

Hirose, S.; Ushiba, J.; Iwama, S.

2025-12-15 bioengineering
10.64898/2025.12.11.691239 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Recent sports science studies suggest that optimizing neural activity can enhance motor performance, but practical applications have been hindered by large-scale electroencephalography (EEG) setups and controlled laboratory protocols. In our study, we demonstrate that a portable 3-channel EEG device can predict trial-by-trial success in a futsal-based kicking task under conditions mimicking real-world sports. We employed a model that used a transformer-based encoder and multilayer perceptron decoder, with evaluations performed separately on all electrodes. The model achieved a mean score of approximately 0.68 under cross-validation. We found that significantly higher alpha- and beta-band power contributed to the classification. Our findings indicate that performance prediction is feasible using low-density EEG in a real-world sports scenario. This research provides practical insights that could lead to the development of new training methods to improve performance through the control of brain states.

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