Back

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Accurate Diagnosis and Radiomics Analysis of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema: Insights from a Multicenter Cohort Study

Zhang, S.; Wang, H.; Tang, H.; Li, X.; Wu, N.-W.; Li, B.; Chen, X.; Chen, K.; Xie, B.; Zhou, A.; Mo, C.

2025-01-20 radiology and imaging
10.1101/2025.01.20.25320811 medRxiv
Show abstract

Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE), formally recognized as a distinct pulmonary syndrome in 2022, is characterized by unique clinical features and pathogenesis that may lead to respiratory failure and death. However, the diagnosis of CPFE presents significant challenges that hinder effective treatment. Here, we assembled three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction data of the chest High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) of patients from multiple hospitals across different provinces in China, including Xiangya Hospital, West China Hospital, and Fujian Provincial Hospital. Using this dataset, we developed CPFENet, a deep learning-based diagnostic model for CPFE. It accurately differentiates CPFE from COPD, with performance comparable to that of professional radiologists. Additionally, we developed a CPFE score based on radiomic analysis of 3D CT images to quantify disease characteristics. Notably, female patients demonstrated significantly higher CPFE scores than males, suggesting potential sex-specific differences in CPFE. Overall, our study establishes the first diagnostic framework for CPFE, providing a diagnostic model and clinical indicators that enable accurate classification and characterization of the syndrome.

Matching journals

The top 6 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.