Neuroligin fragments as blood-based biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer`s disease.
Forestieri Fernandes, M. G.; Pinard, M.; Sokullu, E.; Gagnon, J.-F.; Calon, F.; Coulombe, B.; Consortium for the early identification of Alzheimer's disease-Quebec, ; Brouillette, J.
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INTRODUCTIONBiomarkers for early detection of Alzheimers disease (AD) are essential for improving treatments. Fragments of the synaptic protein neuroligins (NLGNs) are released into the blood due to synaptic degeneration, which occurs in the early stages of AD. METHODSWe used MS2-targeted mass spectrometry on blood samples from the CIMA-Q cohort to assess the potential of NLGN fragments as blood-based biomarkers for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a prodromal stage of AD. RESULTSWe found higher blood levels of certain NLGN fragments in both aMCI and AD patients compared to healthy subjects. Within these same samples, the levels of Tau phosphorylated at various epitopes were higher in AD subjects but not in aMCI individuals. DISCUSSIONSynaptic proteins such as NLGNs could serve as effective biomarkers for detecting the disease in its prodromal stage. This early detection could accelerate diagnosis and therapeutic intervention before neurodegeneration leads to irreversible brain damage.
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