Fractal correlation properties of heart rate variability as a marker of exercise intensity during incremental and constant-speed treadmill running

The short-term scaling exponent of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA1) applied to interbeat intervals may provide a method to identify ventilatory thresholds and indicate systemic perturbation during prolonged exercise. The purposes of this study were to i) confirm whether DFA1 values of 0.75 and 0.5 coincide with the gas exchange threshold (GET) and respiratory compensation point (RCP), ii) quantify DFA1 during constant-speed running near the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), and iii) assess the repeatability of DFA1 between MLSS trials. Seventeen runners performed an incremental running test, and eleven and ten runners also performed constant-speed running 5% below, at, and 5% above the MLSS, and a repeat trial at MLSS, respectively. GET (bias [LOA]: -3.6 [-9.1 to 1.9] mL{middle dot}kg-1{middle dot}min-1) and RCP (-3.5 [-14.1 to 7.2] mL{middle dot}kg-1{middle dot}min-1) were overestimated using DFA1. DFA1 responses during 30-min running trials near MLSS were variable (i.e., 0.27 to 1.24), and affected by intensity (p=0.019) and duration (p=0.001). No difference in DFA1 was detected between MLSS trials (p=0.926). These results question whether DFA1 values can accurately delineate exercise thresholds, but the dependency of DFA1 on intensity and duration support its potential use to quantify systemic perturbations imposed by continuous exercise.