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Immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses impacts dengue virus IgG ELISA specificity in Cambodia

Odio, C.; Yek, C.; Hasund, C.; Man, S.; Ly, P.; Nhek, S.; Chea, S.; Lon, C.; Voirin, C.; Huy, R.; Leang, R.; Huch, C.; Oliveira, F.; Manning, J.; Katzelnick, L.

2023-11-20 epidemiology
10.1101/2023.11.17.23298701 medRxiv
Show abstract

Seroprevalence studies are the gold standard for disease surveillance, and serology was used to determine eligibility for the first licensed dengue vaccine. However, expanding flavivirus endemicity, co-circulation, and vaccination complicate serology results. Among 713 healthy Cambodian children, a commonly used indirect dengue virus IgG ELISA (PanBio) had a lower specificity than previously reported (94% vs. 100%). Of those with false positive PanBio results, 46% had detectable neutralizing antibodies against other flaviviruses, with the highest frequency against West Nile virus (WNV). Immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses can impact dengue surveillance and potentially pre-vaccine screening efforts.

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