A cross-sectional study: Insubstantial serological evidence for the association between chronic renal disease and leptospirosis in Badulla and Kandy district, Sri Lanka
Fonseka, R. A.; Senarathne, P.; Muthusinghe, D.; Sarathkumara, Y.; Nanayakkara, N.; Gunaratne, L.; Yoshimatsu, K.; Koizumi, N.; Gamage, C.
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ObjectiveChronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) are chronic kidney diseases that pose a significant health burden in Sri Lanka. Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis that primarily damages renal tissues by colonization of Leptospira spp. in the renal tubules and is a suspected etiological agent of CKDu. Since Sri Lanka is an endemic for leptospirosis and outbreaks of the disease have been reported, this study aimed to determine the association between leptospirosis and chronic kidney disease in two geographically distinct regions of Sri Lanka, Badulla (CKDu endemic) and Kandy (CKDu non-endemic) districts. ResultsEighty-five patients with CKDu and 149 controls from Badulla and 49 patients with CKD and 135 controls from Kandy were serologically tested by microscopic agglutination test with a panel of 11 Leptospira serogroups. The seroprevalence rates for leptospirosis were 7.1% and 13.4% in the CKDu and control groups, respectively, in Badulla and 2.1% and 18.5% in the CKD and control groups, respectively, in Kandy. There were no statistically significant differences between demographic characteristics and leptospirosis seropositivity in the CKD and control groups in either Badulla or Kandy.
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