The Standard Genetic Code Lacks Redundancy for Amino Acid Codons
Laibelman, A. M.
Show abstract
The Standard Genetic Code contains sixty-one codons used to translate twenty amino acids. A 3:1 ratio is presumed to mean all of them except methionine and tryptophan exhibit redundancy (also known as degeneracy) such that multiple codons are interchangeable with respect to cognate amino acids. Since the process of translation converting codon triplets into amino acids involves a 1:1 relationship between mRNA-containing codons and tRNA-containing anticodons, any physicochemical variability in tRNA molecules associated with the same amino acid must break redundancy among codons. By studying the characteristics of 186 tRNA sequences from Archaea, it is demonstrated that multiple features lead to the conclusion that every anticodon triplet is unique, and therefore that every codon triplet must likewise be unlike all others, even if coding for the same amino acid. Many implications necessarily accrue from this result related to the mechanism for translation, codon usage, and the evolution of the genetic code, all of which are discussed.
Matching journals
The top 6 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.
Similar papers in this journal
Similar papers in this journal
- Evolutionary history of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) demethylation enzyme DmdA in marine bacteria 90%
- Classification of RNA backbone conformation into rotamers using 13C' chemical shifts: How far we can go? 89%
- Syncmers are more sensitive than minimizers for selecting conserved k-mers in biological sequences 89%
Similar papers in this journal
- How much is Transcription-associated Mutagenesis Driving tRNA Microevolution? 93%
- Rapid adaptation often occurs through mutations to the most highly conserved positions of the RNA polymerase core enzyme 92%
- A path towards SARS-CoV-2 attenuation: metabolic pressure on CTP synthesis rules the virus evolution 92%
"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.