Cerebral hemodynamics response to dual-task paradigms in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lapanan, K.; Kantha, P.; Nantachai, G.; Hemrungrojn, S.; Maes, M.
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BackgroundFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a method to measure cerebral hemodynamics response. Changes in the prefrontal cortex during dual-tasking help to identify the risk of falling, particularly in older adults. AimsTo systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of dual-task paradigms on cerebral hemodynamics in older adults. MethodsThe search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 22 studies comprising 1,841 older adults were included in the meta-analysis. ResultsInhibitory control and working memory tasks significantly increased HbO2 in the PFC by 0.54 (p < 0.01, 95%CI = 0.36 - 0.72) and 0.13 (p < 0.01, 95%CI = 0.08 - 0.18) mol/L, respectively. Overall, HbO2 was significantly increased during dual-task paradigms by 0.36 mol/L (P < 0.01, 95%CI = 0.27 - 0.45). However, dual-task paradigms did not change HbR in the PFC (P = 0.14, 95%CI = -0.05 - 0.01). ConclusionCognitive tasks related to inhibitory control required greater cognitive demands, indicating higher PFC activation during dual-task walking in older adults. This finding emphasizes the significance of assessing hemodynamic responses under dual-task paradigms to detect the risk of falling in older adults at an early stage.
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