Effects of climate conditions, mobility trends, and countermeasures on the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan
Kurita, J.; Sugawara, T.; Ohkusa, Y.
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BackgroundBefore Olympic and Paralympic Games in Tokyo, whether an audience shall be allowed or not has been a subject of concern in Japan as of early June, 2021. Object: We evaluated effects of professional baseball games with audiences as an example of the large sports events, on COVID-19 infectiousness. MethodWe regressed the effective reproduction number R(t) on a dummy variable for professional baseball games with audiences as along with temperature, humidity, mobility, and countermeasures. We examined two study periods: those including and excluding before initiation of the games in 2020. ResultsEstimation results indicate that the period with audiences exhibited significantly lower infectiousness than when audiences were excluded before initiation of the games with audience attendance. However, audiences were found to have a negative but insignificant effect when compared to the period before initiation of the attended games. Discussion and ConclusionThis study found no clear evidence indicating that big sports events with audiences raise the COVID-19 infectiousness.
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