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DeepCOVID: An Operational Deep Learning-driven Framework for Explainable Real-time COVID-19 Forecasting

Rodriguez, A.; Tabassum, A.; Cui, J.; Xie, J.; Ho, J.; Agarwal, P.; Adhikari, B.; Prakash, B. A.

2020-09-29 epidemiology
10.1101/2020.09.28.20203109 medRxiv
Show abstract

How do we forecast an emerging pandemic in real time in a purely data-driven manner? How to leverage rich heterogeneous data based on various signals such as mobility, testing, and/or disease exposure for forecasting? How to handle noisy data and generate uncertainties in the forecast? In this paper, we present DO_SCPLOWEEPC_SCPLOWCO_SCPLOWOVIDC_SCPLOW, an operational deep learning frame-work designed for real-time COVID-19 forecasting. DO_SCPLOWEEPC_SCPLOW-CO_SCPLOWOVIDC_SCPLOW works well with sparse data and can handle noisy heterogeneous data signals by propagating the uncertainty from the data in a principled manner resulting in meaningful uncertainties in the forecast. The deployed framework also consists of modules for both real-time and retrospective exploratory analysis to enable interpretation of the forecasts. Results from real-time predictions (featured on the CDC website and FiveThirtyEight.com) since April 2020 indicates that our approach is competitive among the methods in the COVID-19 Forecast Hub, especially for short-term predictions.

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