The cleaved C-terminal domain of GmERS1-1 modulates cell cycle via GmACR1
Chen, K.; Zhou, Y.; Tang, W.; Wang, D.; Bai, Y.; Wang, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Guo, D.; Zhang, M.; Yan, J.; Guo, J.; Zhao, Y.; Shan, B.; Chen, J.; Xu, Z.; He, Y.; Ma, J.; Song, Q.; Li, H.; Qiu, L.; Wang, H.; Chen, M.; Ma, Y.-z.
Show abstract
Ethylene signaling orchestrates plant development and stress adaptation, yet how post-translational modifications of its receptors coordinate growth regulation remains unresolved. Here, we uncover a proteolytic processing mechanism of the soybean ethylene receptor GmERS1-1 that directly gates cell cycle progression. The GmERS1-1 mutants exhibit elevated yield under field conditions, whereas overexpression suppresses growth and hypersensitizes plants to ethylene. Ethylene triggers nuclear translocation of C-terminal domain (GmERS1-1-CEND), which is indispensable for receptor function. Mechanistically, GmERS1-1-CEND scaffolds a trimeric complex with GmACR1 and GmCDK7, enforcing G2/M phase arrest, thereby decoupling cell division from canonical ethylene transcriptional responses. Strikingly, ethylene-induced cell cycle blockade during apple fruit maturation mirrors this pathway, suggesting deep conservation across angiosperms. Our work defines a receptor processing-dependent signaling axis that directly interlinks phytohormone perception with cell cycle control, proposing tunable targets (e.g., GmERS1-1 cleavage efficiency) for engineering crop architecture and productivity.
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