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Dynamic Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) expression revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing of clonal human cancer cells

Taniyama, D.; Inoue, Y.; Elloumi, F.; Kim, Y. S.; Roper, N.; Seibert, C.; Kelly, M.; Lobanov, A.; Aladjem, M. I.; Luna, A.; Pommier, Y.

2026-10-07 cancer biology
10.64898/2026.10.01.755884 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) is a key determinant of sensitivity to DNA-damaging therapies in multiple cancers including leukemia, Ewing sarcoma, head and neck cancers, mesothelioma and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, utilizing immunofluorescence microscopy and single-cell RNA sequencing we characterized SLFN11 expression across eight different human cancer cell lines and found cell-to-cell heterogenous expression both at the protein and RNA levels. Gene set enrichment and pathway analyses show that SLFN11 is coexpressed with a distinct stress-response state and enhanced genome maintenance programs while being inversely correlated with protein translation pathways. Publicly available single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of human SCLC tumors confirmed the heterogeneous distribution of SLFN11 expression and confirmed its association with replication-related transcriptional programs. These findings indicate that heterogeneous SLFN11 expression reflects dynamic regulation at the single-cell level. They also underscore the limitations of bulk proteomic and transcriptome profiling and point to a potential reservoir of intrinsic chemotherapy resistance.

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