LiteVax-adjuvanted influenza vaccine induces transient interferon-driven innate activation and accelerates early IgG3 responses in older adults
D'Onofrio, V.; Verstraete, M.; Porrez, S.; Jacobs, B.; Alhatemi, A.; De Gussem, S.; Verwilst, S.; Willems, A.; Waerlop, G.; De Meester, E.; Decraene, S.; Van Niewerburgh, F.; Leroux-Roels, G.; van Riet, E.; Platenburg, P. P.; Hilgers, L.; Leroux-Roels, I.
Show abstract
Vaccine immunogenicity declines with age due to immunosenescence, underscoring the need for improved adjuvants. LiteVax Adjuvant (LVA), a squalane-in-water emulsion containing carbohydrate fatty-acid monosulphate esters, has shown potential to enhance influenza vaccine responses, but its mechanisms in humans remain unclear. We performed a longitudinal systems vaccinology study in 56 younger (18-45 years) and older ([≥]60 years) adults receiving a quadrivalent influenza vaccine with or without LVA. Multi-omics analyses, including bulk and single-cell transcriptomics, flow cytometry, and serology, revealed that LVA induced a rapid, transient interferon-driven innate response, primarily in monocytes, associated with enhanced antigen processing and dendritic cell to T cell interactions. LVA promoted differentiation of influenza-specific CD4+ T cells toward CD45RO+ memory phenotypes, accelerated early IgG3 antibody responses, and increased IgG-producing plasmablast frequencies without affecting overall antibody magnitude. Importantly, LVA reduced age-related differences in early immune responses, improving response quality and supporting vaccine performance in older adults.
Matching journals
The top 7 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.
Similar papers in this journal
- Distinct baseline immune characteristics associated with responses to conjugated and unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines in older adults 98%
- SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure history shapes phenotypes and specificity of memory CD8 T cells 96%
- The legacy of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on the immunology of the neonate 96%
Similar papers in this journal
- Mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern including Omicron following vaccination 96%
- The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induces polyfunctional T cell responses with features of longevity. 96%
- Redefining CD4 T cell residency: Helper T cells orchestrate protective humoral immunity in the lung 96%
Similar papers in this journal
Similar papers in this journal
- Robust immune responses after one dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine dose in SARS-CoV-2 experienced individuals 97%
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccines drive differential Fc-functional profiles in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant women 96%
- Oral and intranasal Ad5 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines decrease disease and viral transmission in a golden hamster model 96%
"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.