AutopsyPrint: A novel tool for translating ballistic and sharp force injury trajectory findings into 3D printable models

When autopsy findings are presented on two-dimensional paper-based models, there is an inherent reduction of spatial information, which the viewer must infer from simplified anatomical and geometrical representations. Multiple diagrams representing trajectory angles must be integrated into a complete mental model, introducing potential for errors in viewer understanding. 3D models can address these issues but have shown limited adoption in forensic autopsy reporting given the technical competences and software required to produce them. Here, we present AutopsyPrint, a workflow and open web-based tool for generating 3D printable body models annotated with wound trajectories. The tool supports marking different wound types, including ballistic and stab wounds, on male and female bodies, which can be posed to accommodate a diversity of trajectories. Based on our testing, we present a set of suggested workflow steps and parameters based to facilitate standardization of the 3D models produced, balancing between precision and print time and materials. To ensure accessibility, the tool runs fully in the user's browser, and all annotated data is stored locally. By making AutopsyPrint open access, we intend to build practical experience with model creation, to ultimately advance the use of 3D models in the field.