Material-specific quarantine durations for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on musical instruments and music-related materials

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a reevaluation of safety protocols across various sectors, including the arts. This study addresses a critical gap in understanding SARS-CoV-2 persistence on materials commonly associated with musical instruments and scores, such as alloys, varnishes, reeds, and paper. While previous research has explored viral survival on various surfaces, limited data exists for materials specific to musical contexts. In this work, we investigate the efficacy of quarantine as a non-destructive method for inactivating SARS-CoV-2 on 16 materials, including brass, silver plating, ABS plastic, ebonite, and various varnishes and paper types. Results revealed significant variability in viral persistence across materials. Non-porous surfaces like metals and ABS plastic cleared infectivity within 3 days, while porous materials such as reeds and music scores required up to 7 days. Gold-plated brass and certain varnishes showed intermediate persistence, with infectivity clearing after 4 days. These findings are in agreement with prior studies indicating that SARS-CoV-2 survival is highly dependent on surface composition, with porous and organic-coated materials retaining viable virus longer due to reduced environmental stress. Our results highlight the feasibility of stratified quarantine protocols based on material type, offering practical guidelines for musicians and institutions and provides critical insights for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks in musical settings.