The Gene Version Iteration Hypothesis reveals the Y chromosome-mediated closed-loop transmission and version selection mechanism of mutated genes

The Gene Version Iteration Hypothesis (GVIH) proposes that mutant genes may originate from the Y chromosome, traverse through the X chromosome to autosomes, undergo interchromosomal transfer, and potentially return to the Y chromosome via the X chromosome. This hypothetical closed transmission loop may facilitate the storage, screening, and elimination of different versions of mutant genes. The hypothesis comprises five core propositions: (1) Mutation reservoir: The Y chromosome may serve as a specialized carrier for generating mutant genes, characterized by elevated mutation rates, reduced gene density, and accelerated evolutionary dynamics; (2) Closed-loop transmission: Mutant genes may follow a unidirectional pathway Y[->]X[->]autosomes[->]X[->]Y, forming a complete transmission circuit; (3) Coexistence of multiple versions: A single functional gene may exist in multiple versions across different chromosomes, constituting a dynamic gene version library; (4) Reproductive screening: Environmentally adaptive gene versions may persist across generations and potentially migrate to upstream chromosomes, while maladaptive versions may be eliminated; (5) Terminal elimination: Gene versions reaching the Y chromosome may undergo elimination processes, potentially preventing version monopolization and maintaining evolutionary dynamics. This hypothesis provides a novel framework for understanding adaptive evolution at the genetic level. If empirically validated, it may offer new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying certain genetic phenomena and evolutionary processes.