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Evaluating Long-Range Temporal Structure in Foundation Model-Based Forecasts of Heartbeat Dynamics

Serapio, A.; Ramsundar, B.; Subramanian, S.

2026-05-28 bioinformatics
10.64898/2026.05.25.727760 bioRxiv
Show abstract

We examine the long-range temporal structure of forecasts produced by Time-Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) on heartbeat dynamics using the MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database (NSRDB). Our findings indicate that these models do not adequately capture long-range dependencies, as reflected in growing errors in RR-interval predictions over longer forecast horizons. Code is available at https://github.com/SubramanianLab/ecg-tsfm-benchmark.

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