PFAS exposure and neuroimmune and Alzheimers Disease related plasma biomarkers in a rural, cognitively unimpaired population: a pilot study
Souza-Talarico, J. N.; Lehmler, H.-J.; Li, X.; Hefti, M.; Fu, Y.; Harb, A.; Hein, M.; Ding, L.; Perkhounkova, Y.
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INTRODUCTION: Alzheimers disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder, yet current research largely focuses on downstream biomarkers with limited attention to environmental contributors. Experimental studies suggest that per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may contribute to neuroimmune and neurodegenerative pathways relevant to AD. OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between PFAS exposure and neuroimmune and AD related plasma biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired rural adults. METHODS: In a cross sectional pilot study (n=48), serum concentrations of 33 PFAS were measured, including four legacy compounds (PFOS, PFHxS, PFOA, PFNA). Plasma neuroimmune related (ITGB2, SMOC1, TREM2, GFAP) and AD related biomarkers (Ab42/40, ptau217) were detected using proteomic analysis. RESULTS: PFOS showed moderate associations with ITGB2, SMOC1, and Ab42/40 in unadjusted analyses, which attenuated after adjustment for age. PFOA and PFNA demonstrated consistent inverse associations with TREM2 before and after adjustment. DISCUSSION: Findings suggest possible compound specific PFAS associations with immune and amyloid related biomarkers, supporting further investigation in longitudinal and PFAS mixture based studies.
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