Back

Genetic Risk and Resilience for Schizophrenia Stratified by Perinatal Gene Expression Predict Adult Cognitive Performance

Kikidis, G. C.; Raio, A.; Sportelli, L.; Antonucci, L. A.; Bertolino, A.; Rampino, A.; Selvaggi, P.; Weinberger, D. R.; Pergola, G.

2026-05-19 genomics
10.64898/2026.05.19.726222 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Genetic risk for schizophrenia (SCZ) has been linked to cognitive performance before the onset age. We examined how SCZ-related polygenic risk and resilience variants, and their co-expression patterns in the human brain, were associated with cognitive abilities across development in 16,520 non-psychiatric European and African ancestry children and adults. SCZ risk showed significant negative associations with spatial, verbal, and working memory across ancestries (all t<-2, pFDR<0.05). In Europeans, risk and resilience variants had opposing effects on attention, working and spatial memory ({Delta}t>4, pFDR<0.05). Polygenic scores filtered through perinatal co-expression networks showed stronger links with cognition than adult ({Delta}AIC>5.75, p=0.02) or juvenile ({Delta}AIC>5.8, p=0.03) networks. Cross-ancestry correlations (R=0.52, p<0.01) highlight replicability. These findings support the neurodevelopmental basis of SCZ, suggesting that risk and resilience variants influence cognition from early life, independent of symptoms and elucidate biological pathways through which SCZ risk may influence early cognitive development.

Matching journals

The top 5 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

1
Schizophrenia Bulletin
29 papers in training set
Top 0.1%
22.6%
2
Molecular Psychiatry
242 papers in training set
Top 0.2%
10.1%
3
Brain
154 papers in training set
Top 0.7%
8.4%
4
Translational Psychiatry
219 papers in training set
Top 0.8%
6.8%
5
Nature Communications
4913 papers in training set
Top 29%
6.3%
50% of probability mass above
6
Biological Psychiatry
119 papers in training set
Top 0.5%
6.3%
7
Nature Neuroscience
216 papers in training set
Top 3%
3.6%
8
Scientific Reports
3102 papers in training set
Top 36%
3.6%
9
Nature Genetics
240 papers in training set
Top 3%
2.6%
10
eLife
5422 papers in training set
Top 35%
2.1%
11
Cell Genomics
162 papers in training set
Top 2%
2.1%
12
Science Translational Medicine
111 papers in training set
Top 4%
1.2%
13
PLOS Genetics
756 papers in training set
Top 12%
1.0%
14
Neurobiology of Disease
134 papers in training set
Top 3%
1.0%
15
Science Advances
1098 papers in training set
Top 27%
0.9%
16
Genome Medicine
154 papers in training set
Top 8%
0.8%
17
Cell Reports
1338 papers in training set
Top 32%
0.8%
18
PLOS Medicine
98 papers in training set
Top 4%
0.8%
19
Schizophrenia
19 papers in training set
Top 0.4%
0.7%
20
The British Journal of Psychiatry
21 papers in training set
Top 1.0%
0.7%
21
NeuroImage: Clinical
132 papers in training set
Top 4%
0.7%
22
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2130 papers in training set
Top 48%
0.6%
23
Science
429 papers in training set
Top 22%
0.6%
24
Communications Biology
886 papers in training set
Top 29%
0.6%
25
Nature Human Behaviour
85 papers in training set
Top 5%
0.6%
26
Frontiers in Genetics
197 papers in training set
Top 12%
0.5%
27
Nature
575 papers in training set
Top 18%
0.5%
28
Brain Communications
147 papers in training set
Top 4%
0.5%