Co-expression network analysis reveals repression of Igf2bp2 by REV-ERBβ in skeletal muscle

The circadian clock genes Bmal1 and Nr1d1/2 (REV-ERB/{beta}) regulate skeletal muscle metabolism and homeostasis, yet the precise genes and mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we perform Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) on skeletal muscle circadian transcriptomes with varying Bmal1 operational status to identify genes central to muscle circadian function. The largest WGCNA module, potentially under Bmal1 regulation, contains clock and muscle-specific output genes governed hierarchically by hub genes including Igf2bp2, an RNA-binding protein involved in muscle progenitor growth and maintenance. Igf2bp2 expression is rhythmic in mouse and human muscle and functional experiments in muscle-specific Bmal1 knockout mice show that Igf2bp2 is upregulated by loss of Bmal1 at ZT8 and negatively correlated with Nr1d2, suggesting de-repression through REV-ERB{beta} as a regulatory mechanism. Luciferase reporter experiments in cultured myotubes show that REV-ERB{beta}, but not REV-ERB, represses Igf2bp2 transcription and that repression is mediated by non-canonical GCC motifs in the Igf2bp2 promoter region. Together, these findings uncover a circadian Nr1d2-Igf2bp2 regulatory axis linking transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation in skeletal muscle, with implications for muscle homeostasis. HighlightsO_LIIgf2bp2 clusters with Nr1d2 (Rev-erb{beta}) in circadian co-expression network C_LIO_LIBmal1 or Rev-erb[a]/{beta} knockout upregulates Igf2bp2 in muscle C_LIO_LIIgf2bp2 is rhythmic in WT muscle but arrhythmic in clock mutant muscle C_LIO_LIREV-ERB{beta} represses Igf2bp2 transcription in myotubes C_LIO_LIREV-ERB{beta} repression requires GCC motifs in the Igf2bp2 promoter C_LI Graphical Abstract O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=200 SRC="FIGDIR/small/724827v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (89K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@2f569borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1df13a7org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@83538borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1e20983_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG