Comparison of Osteoblast Calcification in Bio-Oss, Cerasorb, Pro Osteon, and Bio-Tiss Cerabone

BackgroundBone graft biomaterials play a critical role in bone regeneration by influencing osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. However, comparative data regarding the osteogenic potential of commonly used graft materials under standardized conditions remain limited. Method and materialIn this in vitro experimental study, osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) were cultured with four bone graft materials, including Bio-Oss, Cerasorb, Bio-Tiss Cerabone, and Pro Osteon. The relative mRNA expression of osteogenic markers (COL1 and OPN) was evaluated at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days using real-time PCR. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization capacity were also assessed using colorimetric assay and Alizarin Red staining. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05). ResultsSignificant differences were observed among the tested materials across all evaluated parameters. Bio-Oss and Cerasorb demonstrated higher gene expression levels and ALP activity compared to Bio-Tiss Cerabone and Pro Osteon (P < 0.05). Mineralization analysis showed significantly greater calcium deposition in the Bio-Oss and Cerasorb groups, whereas Pro Osteon consistently exhibited the lowest osteogenic performance. ConclusionBone graft biomaterials significantly influence osteogenic activity in osteoblast-like cells. Bio-Oss and Cerasorb showed superior osteogenic potential, while Pro Osteon demonstrated weaker performance. These findings highlight the importance of material properties in optimizing bone regeneration.