Primed for Exploitation: How Early Violence, Institutional Betrayal, and Structural Vulnerability Shape Pathways into Pornography

Women filmed for pornography report extensive abuse and serious health consequences, yet pathways into pornography remain under-examined. Using an embedded qualitative mixed-methods approach, we explored factors shaping these pathways in Sweden. Twenty-five adults (23 women) who had been filmed for pornography completed questionnaires and participated in teller-focused interviews. Informed by a socio-ecological framework, our reflexive thematic analysis generated the global theme Primed for exploitation, comprising three themes: Imprints of early violence, No one has my back: Relational and institutional betrayals, and Compounding structural vulnerabilities. Our findings reveal how childhood abuse and violence, relational and institutional betrayals, material precarity, and a pornified cultural landscape converge to shape pathways into pornography. To prevent and disrupt these pathways, early identification of sexual abuse, timely access to trauma-informed care that avoids individualizing and pathologizing the consequences of violence, and practical support that addresses material precarity are critical. From a socio-ecological perspective, framing entry into pornography as a simple matter of "choice" is fundamentally flawed: it individualizes deeply social processes and obscures the profound impact of cumulative violence, repeated relational and institutional betrayals, and intersecting structural constraints.