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Resolving human neuronal herpesvirus reactivation via petabase-scale association studies

Gutierrez, J. C.; Chen, Y.; Babaian, A.; Dhindsa, R. S.; Lareau, C. A.

2026-05-01 genomics
10.64898/2026.04.29.721769 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Mounting evidence implicates herpesvirus reactivation in the etiology of Alzheimers disease, yet we lack a refined molecular characterization of pathogenesis in neurodegeneration. Here, we mine over 10 petabytes of human sequencing data for viral transcripts, identifying recurrent herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) reactivation in healthy but not pathological post-mortem human brain tissue. Integrative single-nucleus analyses resolve direct evidence of HSV-1 expression in RORB+ glutamatergic neurons, implicating viral reactivation in a neuronal population progressively lost during dementia.

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"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.