Back

Virtual reality exposes fine-scale alterations in behaviour following loss of the ADHD-linked gene adgrl3.1 in zebrafish

Reynolds, P.; Read, E.; Daly-East, C.; Parker, M. O.; Hindges, R.

2026-04-21 neuroscience
10.64898/2026.04.20.719162 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Zebrafish have been used a prominent model for high-throughput phenotypic screens of candidate risk gene mutations for several disorders. This also includes models for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Traditional behavioural tests, such as the forced light/dark assay, concentrate on basic locomotion measures. However, recently developed visually-driven locomotion assays, for example closed-loop systems using virtual reality, have allowed extraction of richer data on animal locomotion and decision-making under different sensory stimuli. Here, we have used such a system to assess the behaviour in adgrl3.1 mutant fish, an established model for ADHD. Our results show that mutants exhibit a higher baseline excitability and a lower threshold for initiating motor events, demonstrating that collecting behavioural responses in an interactive environment enables a more precise characterisation of ADHD-relevant phenotypes associated with adgrl3.1 disruption. More generally, we establish a scalable translational platform to screen gene-function relationships and possible therapeutic interventions, not only for ADHD but multiple neurodevelopmental disorders.

Matching journals

The top 3 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

1
Scientific Reports
3102 papers in training set
Top 0.1%
34.2%
2
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
46 papers in training set
Top 0.1%
10.8%
3
iScience
1063 papers in training set
Top 1%
6.6%
50% of probability mass above
4
Disease Models & Mechanisms
119 papers in training set
Top 0.2%
5.0%
5
PLOS ONE
4510 papers in training set
Top 41%
3.4%
6
Frontiers in Psychiatry
83 papers in training set
Top 1%
2.4%
7
Nature Communications
4913 papers in training set
Top 46%
2.2%
8
Journal of Neuroscience Methods
106 papers in training set
Top 0.7%
2.0%
9
BMC Biology
248 papers in training set
Top 0.9%
1.9%
10
Frontiers in Neuroscience
223 papers in training set
Top 3%
1.8%
11
eLife
5422 papers in training set
Top 40%
1.8%
12
Cell Reports Methods
141 papers in training set
Top 2%
1.7%
13
Communications Biology
886 papers in training set
Top 10%
1.5%
14
eneuro
389 papers in training set
Top 6%
1.5%
15
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
36 papers in training set
Top 0.6%
1.4%
16
Translational Psychiatry
219 papers in training set
Top 4%
0.9%
17
Advanced Science
249 papers in training set
Top 16%
0.9%
18
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
43 papers in training set
Top 0.7%
0.8%
19
Molecular Psychiatry
242 papers in training set
Top 3%
0.8%
20
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
218 papers in training set
Top 8%
0.8%
21
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
67 papers in training set
Top 2%
0.8%
22
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
79 papers in training set
Top 1%
0.7%
23
Science Advances
1098 papers in training set
Top 32%
0.7%
24
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
34 papers in training set
Top 3%
0.5%
25
Neurobiology of Disease
134 papers in training set
Top 5%
0.5%
26
Cells
232 papers in training set
Top 8%
0.5%
27
GigaScience
172 papers in training set
Top 4%
0.5%
28
PLOS Biology
408 papers in training set
Top 24%
0.5%
29
Open Biology
95 papers in training set
Top 3%
0.5%