Back

Structural basis of substrate recognition for proteasome degradation by prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein ligase PafA

Plourde, A.; Uday, A. B.; Forrester, T. J. B.; Zeytuni, N.; Vahidi, S.

2026-04-11 biochemistry
10.64898/2026.04.10.717840 bioRxiv
Show abstract

Selective protein degradation in some bacteria is performed by the Pup-proteasome system, in which the ligase PafA tags hundreds of substrates for proteasomal degradation. How a single enzyme achieves such broad substrate specificity in the absence of conserved sequence motifs has remained unclear. Here we determine structures of PafA in complex with a pupylated substrate and show that substrate recognition is mediated by a minimal and highly distributed interface. PafA samples an ensemble of closely related conformations that collectively position the target lysine residue for modification. This recognition mechanism arises from a combination of structured contacts and dynamic elements on both the enzyme and substrate, enabling geometric compatibility rather than sequence-specific interactions. These findings reveal an ensemble-driven mechanism of molecular recognition that explains how broad substrate specificity is achieved and provides a framework for understanding selective protein degradation in prokaryotes.

Matching journals

The top 3 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.