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An Assessment of Correctional Officer's Health Beliefs in Relationship to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Hesitancy.

Hedden-Clayton, B.; Roddy, A. L.; Roddy, J. K.; Ngassa, Y.; Pickard, B.; Tam, R. A.; Wurcel, A. G.

2026-03-26 public and global health
10.64898/2026.03.24.26349101 medRxiv
Show abstract

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, incarcerated populations faced heightened risk of exposure due to healthcare barriers, restrictive environments, and pre-existing health conditions. Consequently, Correctional Officers (COs) faced increased risk of COVID-19 exposure. Given the health benefits of COVID-19 vaccination and the rise in vaccine hesitancy, this study examined the relationship between COs health beliefs and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. MethodsA health beliefs survey was administered to Massachusetts-based COs (n=118). Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection modeling and logistic regression was utilized to analyze the survey data. ResultsCOs with higher trust in vaccines and a prior positive COVID-19 test were most likely to get vaccinated voluntarily. Those with low trust in vaccines and no previous positive COVID-19 test were least likely to receive the vaccine. ConclusionDespite the severe impact of COVID-19 in correctional settings, and the evidence of vaccine efficacy against hospitalization and death, vaccine uptake among COs remains low.

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