Back

Single-cell multi-omic profiling allows the dissection of peripheral immune phenotypes in Alzheimers Disease progression

Spintge, J. B.; Mai, K.; Carraro, C.; van Uelft, M.; Elli, F.; Mauer, K.; Holsten, L.; Frolov, A.; Elangikal, J.; Hinkley, E.; Schulte-Schrepping, J.; Shakiba, M. H.; Lang, L.; Elmzzahi, T.; Hamada, D.; Müller, S.; Li, Y.; Gemünd, I.; Kröger, C.; Leidner, J.; Zajac, T.; Montgomery, J. V.; Hartmann, C.; Hussein, B.; Büttner, M.; Knoll, R.; Hüsson, D.; Scholz, R.; Paschek, T.; Isakzai, V.; Reusch, N.; Paulusch, S.; Drews, A.; Kraut, M.; Theis, H.; Rüthing, M.; Strube, U.; Preis, L.; Gref, D.; Spruth, E. J.; Gemenetzi, M.; Fliessbach, K.; Hansen, N.; Rostamzadeh, A.; Glanz, W.; Incesoy, E.

2026-03-13 neurology
10.64898/2026.03.12.26348228 medRxiv
Show abstract

The role of the peripheral immune system in Alzheimers Disease (AD) remains insufficiently resolved, limiting the understanding of systemic disease effects and mechanisms. Here, we employed three high-resolution single-cell techniques, including flow cytometry, single-cell RNA- and ATAC-sequencing, to investigate peripheral immunity in AD dementia and earlier stages of the AD trajectory in over 100 patients. We identified reduced humoral immune responses in AD, characterized by a diminished B cell compartment displaying an impaired activation phenotype. Classical monocytes expanded in mild cognitive impairment and early AD dementia, acquiring a NF-kB/AP-1-mediated low-grade inflammation phenotype. Our findings link peripheral dysregulation in innate and adaptive immunity at cell frequency, transcriptional and epigenetic levels to the AD trajectory and provide insights into distinct phenotypes that define AD progression in contrast to healthy aging across cohorts.

Matching journals

The top 6 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.

50% of probability mass above

"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.