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Interplay of Immunity, Climate, and Viral Evolution Explains Semiannual SARS-CoV-2 Dynamics with Implications for Control

2026-03-02 epidemiology Title + abstract only
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In the three years since Omicron emergence, SARS-CoV-2 dynamics have exhibited persistent twice-yearly waves in the United States, peaking in late summer and winter, with heterogeneity in timing and intensity across states. This semiannual pattern sharply contrasts with typical annual respiratory pathogen dynamics in the US, yet their underlying mechanisms and whether this pattern will persist remain poorly understood. Here, we tested several hypothesized mechanisms and found that a combination ...

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