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Combining evolution and machine learning-guided pathway optimization to engineer a novel methylsuccinate module for synthetic C1 metabolism in vivo

Schulz-Mirbach, H.; Rainaldi, V.; Bohra, N.; Suzuki, K.; Danet, T.; Kasim, H.; Satanowski, A.; He, H.; Rossini, E.; Lee, S. H.; Klose, M.; Kahnt, J.; Glatter, T.; Claus, P.; Paczia, N.; Dronsella, B. B.; Luo, S.; Claassens, N. J.; Erb, T. J.

2026-01-20 bioengineering
10.64898/2026.01.16.699985 bioRxiv
Show abstract

De novo metabolic pathways open possibilities for sustainable biotransformations in microbes. However, the in vivo-implementation of such new-to-nature pathways is highly challenging and heavily relies on adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) of the hosts native metabolic network. Here, we assess how much this need for host-centric ALE can be overcome and/or complemented through the informed design of the newly introduced pathway. Exemplifying for a synthetic CO2-fixation module via methyl-succinate, we established methylsuccinate-dependent growth of Escherichia coli over six months by ALE of E. colis native metabolism. In parallel, we developed a machine-learning guided workflow (MEVIS) for the automated engineering of the synthetic pathway, resulting in methylsuccinate-dependent growth within three weeks. Critically, performing MEVIS in the background of the ALE-evolved strain is necessary to further approach wild-type like growth, demonstrating how ALE in combination with machine-learning-guided lab automation holds great potential to accelerate and improve design-build-test-learn cycles in contemporary metabolic engineering.

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