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Identification and inhibition of the Cyclin D Rb-docking interface that drives cell division

Topacio, B. R.; Fleming, C.; Lanz, M.; Zhang, S.; Xie, S.; Tuvikene, J.; Weaver, A.; Sanidas, I.; Sage, J.; Rubin, S.; Koivomagi, M.; Skotheim, J.

2026-01-15 biochemistry
10.64898/2026.01.14.699544 bioRxiv
Show abstract

The animal cell division cycle is initiated by the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 in complex with D-type cyclins. Cyclin D-CDK4/6 complex formation is promoted by the assembly factors p21 and p27, which bind both subunits. p27 binds the hydrophobic patch on cyclin D that is similar to the patch used by other cell cycle cyclins to dock their substrates. This raised the question as to how cyclin D could find its substrates if its hydrophobic patch were already occupied? Here, we show that D-type cyclins use their A2 helix to dock the retinoblastoma protein Rb, a key substrate regulating cell cycle progression. The specific interface of cyclin Ds A2 helix is unique among cyclins and its mutation slows proliferation. Taken together, our work identifies a cyclin D-substrate docking mechanism that can be targeted by novel cancer therapeutics.

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