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Operational Survival Deficit of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Target Trial Emulation and Causal Machine Learning Study

2025-12-29 oncology Title + abstract only
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BackgroundNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard of care for locally advanced breast cancer. However, the disconnect between efficacy in randomized trials and effectiveness in real-world practice--attributable to real-world treatment delays and adherence barriers--remains underexplored for early-stage (cT1-cT3) operable disease. MethodsWe applied the Target Trial Emulation (TTE) framework to a propensity-score matched cohort from the SEER database. To mitigate immortal time bias and sta...

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