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Cortical neuronal activity determines the dynamics of local sleep homeostasis

Thomas, C. W.; Guillaumin, M. C. C.; McKillop, L. E.; Achermann, P.; Vyazovskiy, V. V.

2019-09-06 neuroscience
10.1101/756270 bioRxiv
Show abstract

The homeostatic regulation of sleep manifests as a relative constancy of its daily amount and intensity. Theoretical descriptions of this phenomenon define "Process S", a variable with dynamics dependent only on sleep-wake history, whose levels are reflected in electroencephalogram (EEG) slow wave activity (0.5 - 4 Hz) during sleep. Here we developed novel mathematical models of Process S in mice, assuming that its dynamics are a function of the deviation of cortical neuronal firing rates from a locally defined set-point, crucially without explicit knowledge of sleep-wake state. Our results suggest that Process S tracks global sleep-wake history through an integration of local cortical neuronal activity levels over time. We posit that, instead of reflecting sleep-wake-dependent changes in specific variables and serving their homeostatic regulation, Process S may be a time-keeping mechanism which enables individuals to obtain a species-specific and ecologically-relevant quantity of sleep, even in the absence of external temporal information.

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