Integrin β1-Talin1 at focal adhesions underpin uncontrolled endothelial cell enlargement in live cerebral cavernous malformation vasculature
Keyser, M. S.; Yordanov, T. E.; da Silva, J. A.; Chau, T. C.; Morris, E. K.; Paterson, S.; Bower, N.; Koltowska, K.; Baillie, G. J.; Simons, C.; Parton, R. G.; Smith, K. A.; Hogan, B. M.; Lagendijk, A. K.
Show abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular anomalies caused by loss of CCM gene function and consequent hyperactivation of MEKK3-KLF2/4 signaling in endothelial cells. Excess integrin {beta}1 activity has been associated with lesion growth, yet the precise mechanistic and biomechanical roles of the integrin-KLF2/4 hierarchy in CCM cellular pathogenesis are not fully understood. Using live imaging of endothelial Vinculin in Ccm1-deficient zebrafish, we demonstrate excessive, mechanically active focal adhesions in an in vivo model of CCM pathology. We validate this in CCM1-deficient endothelial cells and show a redistribution of mechanical tension from cell-cell junctions to focal adhesions. Genetic deletion of Talin1 to decouple focal adhesions from the cell cortex and inhibit integrin {beta}1 signaling demonstrates the integrin {beta}1-Talin1 complex is essential for vascular malformations in ccm1 mutants by driving endothelial cell enlargement. We show integrin {beta}1-Talin1 act independent or downstream of KLF2/4, rather than upstream as previously suggested. Thus, we reposition the role of integrin {beta}1-Talin1 in CCM pathogenesis, demonstrating an essential function in driving cell enlargement, which underpins lesion growth.
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