Stroke knowledge, perceptions and practices: A large-scale questionnaire in high-risk patients in Bogota, Colombia (2023 to 2024)

ObjectiveTo identify and describe the factors related to the knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding emergency care for stroke among patients with risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension. BackgroundHealth literacy in stroke implies the ability of non-medical individuals to recognize stroke symptoms and make timely decisions, which is a key factor influencing outcomes in patients with this condition. No previous study has evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of the general population about stroke in Bogota. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2023 and April 2024. A validated questionnaire surveyed 5402 individuals in Bogota. ResultsLower stroke symptom knowledge was associated with male sex (OR = 1.26, 95% CI (1.12, 1.42); p < 0.001), low socio-economic strata (OR = 2.20, 95% CI (1.85, 2.60); p < 0.001), and lower educational level (OR = 1.59, 95% CI (1.38, 1.82); p < 0.001). Furthermore, a low educational level was correlated with a higher risk of choosing inadequate courses of action in the event of having an acute stroke. This included taking home remedies (OR = 1.52, 95% CI (1.30, 1.79); p < 0.001) or going to the pharmacy (OR = 1.66, 95% CI (1.36, 1.93); p < 0.001). ConclusionsFactors such as poor recognition of stroke symptoms, failure to identify it as an emergency, and socioeconomic disparities contribute to delays in seeking timely treatment. Addressing knowledge gaps and socioeconomic disparities is crucial for improving outcomes in stroke patients.