A common cross-species atlas of cortical gray matter
Venkadesh, S.; Tian, Y.; Linn, W.-J.; Martinez, J. B.; Mansour, H.; Cook, J.; Schaeffer, D. J.; Szczupak, D.; Silva, A. C.; Johnson, G. A.; Yeh, F.-c.
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Translational neuroscience requires consistent anatomical frameworks to compare brain organization across species despite differences in size and specialization. Existing atlases are species-specific, limiting cross-species analyses. Here we constructed population-averaged minimal deformation templates for rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans, and developed a hierarchical common atlas delineating homologous cortical and subcortical gray matter regions through landmark-guided boundaries and multimodal nonlinear registration. Validation against species-specific atlases confirmed strong regional correspondence and revealed systematic volumetric scaling, with humans showing expanded associative cortices and rodents emphasizing limbic and sensorimotor areas. This freely available atlas provides a unified coordinate system supporting comparative imaging, developmental analyses, and cross-species connectomics, facilitating investigations into conserved and divergent brain organization across species.
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