An HMA-like integrated domain in the wheat tandem kinase WTK4 recognises an RNase-like pathogen effector
Bernasconi, Z.; Stirnemann, U.; Xu, Y.; Herger, A. G.; Chen, R.; Widrig, V.; Heuberger, M.; Lettieri, M.; Mueller, M. C.; Wulff, B. B. H.; Wicker, T.; Keller, B.; Sanchez-Martin, J.
Show abstract
Proteins with a tandem kinase structure have recently emerged as new players in race-specific resistance in cereal crops. However, the molecular understanding of these novel immune receptors resistance mechanisms is limited by the lack of knowledge about the pathogen effectors that they recognise. In this work, we identify AvrWTK4, the wheat powdery mildew RNase-like effector recognised by the wheat tandem kinase immune receptor WTK4, through a combination of bi-parental genetic mapping and mutagenesis. We demonstrate that mutations in the AvrWTK4 gene or a reduction of its expression lead to virulence on WTK4. Transfection of AvrWTK4 specifically induced cell death in WTK4-containing Aegilops tauschii protoplasts. The avirulent AvrWTK4 variant interacts more strongly than the virulent variant with the N-terminal heavy metal-associated (HMA)-like domain of WTK4. These findings further highlight that integrated domains in tandem kinase proteins serve as decoys for pathogen effectors, which could be leveraged to design novel recognition specificities.
Matching journals
The top 6 journals account for 50% of the predicted probability mass.
Similar papers in this journal
- The Zymoseptoria tritici avirulence factor AvrStb6 accumulates in hyphae close to stomata and triggers a wheat defense response hindering fungal penetration 97%
- A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the flax rust fungus reveals the two unusually large effector proteins, AvrM3 and AvrN 97%
- Defence recognition of a stripe rust fungal effector is uncoupled from disease outcomes in wheat 96%
Similar papers in this journal
- Avirulence depletion assay: combining R gene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew 97%
- Zinc-finger (ZiF) fold secreted effectors form a functionally diverse family across lineages of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. 97%
- Copper acquisition is essential for plant colonization and virulence in a root-infecting vascular wilt fungus 95%
Similar papers in this journal
- The blast effector Pwl2 is a virulence factor that modifies the cellular localisation of host protein HIPP43 to suppress immunity. 97%
- Bioengineering secreted proteases converts divergent Rcr3 orthologs and paralogs into extracellular immune co-receptors 96%
- Allelic compatibility in plant immune receptors facilitates engineering of new effector recognition specificities. 96%
Similar papers in this journal
- A singleton NLR of recent origin causes hybrid necrosis in Arabidopsis thaliana 95%
- Multiple horizontal mini-chromosome transfers drive genome evolution of clonal blast fungus lineages 94%
- Histone H3K27 methylation perturbs transcriptional robustness and underpins dispensability of highly conserved genes in fungi 94%
Similar papers in this journal
- Subtilase SBT5.2 inactivates flagellin immunogenicity in the plant apoplast 94%
- The Botrytis cinerea Crh transglycosylae is a cytoplasmic effector triggering plant cell death and defense response 94%
- The genome and lifestage-specific transcriptomes of a plant-parasitic nematode and its host reveal susceptibility genes involved in trans-kingdom synthesis of vitamin B. 94%
"Similar papers" are the closest papers from that journal in the model's embedding space. They show what the match is built on, but the ranking comes mostly from a classifier over the whole training set, not from these examples alone.