Knowledge and Perceptions of Hypertension Among Patients in a Cardiology Clinic

BackgroundHypertension is a leading global health concern, contributing significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite its serious complications, many patients have insufficient knowledge of the condition, its management, and associated risks. ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions of hypertension among patients attending a cardiology clinic, highlighting misconceptions and knowledge gaps that may influence treatment adherence and disease outcomes. MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted at the cardiology clinic of Liaquat University Hospital, Pakistan, involving 200 patients selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the validated Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale (HKLS), which includes six sub-dimensions: definition, medical treatment, medication compliance, lifestyle, nutrition, and complications. Normality of the data was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test. As the data were not normally distributed, descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were analyzed using SPSS. ResultsOf the 200 participants (mean age: 41 years), the overall mean HKLS score was 14.1 out of 22, indicating moderate knowledge. While 61-64.5% correctly identified the definition of hypertension, misconceptions persisted. Notably, 40% incorrectly believed medication is required only during symptomatic episodes, 67% thought hypertension in older adults does not require treatment, and 79% considered frying a healthy cooking method. Awareness of complications varied, with 70.5% recognizing heart attack risk but only 49% identifying stroke risk. ConclusionThe findings demonstrate significant knowledge gaps and misconceptions regarding hypertension. Targeted educational interventions are essential to improve treatment adherence, encourage lifestyle modification, and inform healthcare policy for better patient outcomes.